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MEDICAL LECTURES 

TO 

GENTLEMEN: 

BY 

JAMES McCLINTOCK, A.M., M.D., 

Assistant to Adjunct Professor of Anatomy in JefTer* 
son Medical College, Philadelphia, from 1829 to 1833; 
Founder of and Lecturer on Anatomy, Physiology 
and Surgery, Philadelphia School of Anatomy, 
1838 to 18 17"; Professor of Anatomy, Physiology, 
and Surgery, and acting Professor of Midwifery, 
Philadelphia College of Medicine, 1847 to 1853 ; 
One of the Consulting Physicians to Phila- 
delphia Hospital. &c, 1839 to 1811 ; Lecturer 
on Anatomy aud Physiology, Dickinson 
College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1843 and 
1844 ; President and Professor of Anato- 
my and Surgery, Castleton Medical 
College, Vt., 1841 to 1843 ; Professor 
of Anatomy and Physiology, Berk- 
shire Medical Institution, Pitts- 
field, Massachusetts, 1841 ; and 
other Medical Colleges : 

In 1857 and 1858 Physician in Chief to the Philadelphia 
Hospital, Lunatic Asylum and Alms House ; for- 
merly Member of the Philadelphia Medi- 
cal Society; Medico-Chirurgical Col- 
lege of Philadelphia ; and 
American Medical 
Association. 

PUBLISHED BY 

PROFESSOR JAMES McCLIiSTTOCR, M. D., 

No. 823 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Price fifty Cents. 
Hiese " Lectures" will be sent by mail free of postage* 



P x*\ 



Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1872, by 

James McClintock, M. D., 
in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 



TO THE READER. 

For forty years past in my courses of in- 
struction I have lectured more fully upon 
the subjects of this little book than was 
usual with medical teachers. The reading 
of " Tissot on Onanism/' about fifty years 
ago, and my own observations convinced 
me there were few subjects so neglected, or 
that required more attention than the mat- 
ters herein referred to. I was often request- 
ed to publish my thoughts, but as my in- 
struction was always given extemporaneous- 
ly, I put oft" from time to time, until my 
lectures in Concert Hall, in 1869. These 
were attended by such large audiences, ma- 
ny of whom had asked me to print, that 
I employed a Phonographer to write what 
I uttered. From his text I have made the 
following pages. Hoping they may do all 
the good I desire I respectfully leave them 
with you. 

Philadelphia, 823 Race Street. 



MEDICAL LECTURES. 



LECTURE FIRST. 

Gentlemen — 

I am to call your attention to-night 
to some of the parts of the human body 
which in every way they can be examined 
are justly considered among the most im- 
portant in the physical organization. I al- 
lude to the Urinary and Reproductive Or- 
gans of Man. I shall speak of their struct- 
ure, their uses, the abuses to which they are 
frequently subjected, some of the diseases 
they are liable to, and suggest such general 
hygiene management as all can follow. Be- 
fore a general audience I cannot enter into 
details of the medical treatment requisite 
for the diseases of which I shall speak ; each 
case must be examined by itself, and such 
remedial means resorted to as its circum- 
stances indicate. In all medical science 
there is not a single specific known to cure 
1* (5) 



6 Medical Lectures 

any one disease to which the body is liable; 
but it is true that after proper education, 
and experience in the actual observation of 
cases, some men can adapt remedies and 
make combinations that accomplish more 
satisfactory results than can be attained by 
those not properly informed. There is no 
royal road in the practice of medicine; men 
must acquire the knowledge necessary in 
this vocation by hard work, close observa- 
tion, and the application of the best knowl- 
edge that can be attained in the ways I 
have mentioned. 

Before engaging in the examination of 
the special subjects that are to constitute 
our theme I think it best to give you a gen- 
eral, but brief, account of the parts which 
compose the human body. 

The human frame is made up of various 
parts which are technically called Organs. 
In the state of absolute health these or- 
gans subserve their different purposes in so 
perfect a manner that the functions of the 
body are performed with entire ease and 



To Gentlemen. 7 

regularity; so that each organ does its du- 
ties without the cognizance of the otters. 
A man in perfect health does not know, by 
any perceptible symptoms, that he has a 
stomach, a brain, or nerves. 

All the constituents of the body are either 
Solids or Fluids — the latter traversing the 
former in all directions. Amonsj the Solids 
the following may be enumerated : Bones, 
the foundation of the body ; Cartilages, elas- 
tic substances that protect the ends of the 
bones from friction, and answer other pur- 
poses ; Ligaments, strong bands that tie the 
bones together and form coverings for the 
parts; Muscles, layers or masses, which con- 
stitute the flesh of animals, and which are 
used to bring the parts together and separ-* 
ate them from each other. The Nerves are 
masses of a so-called nervous substance in 
the skull, spine, and other locations, pro- 
longed into white cords, which traverse 
the whole body, serving to unite and con. 
nect the different parts with each other, 
and with the brain, in the discharge of their 



8 Medical Lectures 

duties. The Glands are structures some- 
times in the shape of a bag, which throw off 
various secretions that are used for different 
purposes, or else cast off as useless and effete. 
Membranes are the coverings and linings of 
various exposed parts, both on the outside 
and inside of the body. Thus the outer 
skin, and also the lining of the throat, 
stomach, &c, are membranes. Fat is found 
in many parts of the body acting as a cush- 
ion, and to give rotundity and fulness of 
development. The Vessels are divided into 
classes according to the fluid they convey, 
as arteries, veins, lacteals, &c. There are 
also some other solids which serve to com- 
plete the organization. 

The Fluids may be divided into three 
general classes : 1st. Those which go to form 
blood, as chyle, lymph, &c. 2d. The blood, 
divided into two kinds, arterial and venous, 
from difference of color, properties, &c. The 
quantity of blood varies according to cir- 
cumstances, but in a middle-aged healthy 
man it is generally estimated to be from 



To Gentlemen. 9 

twenty-five to thirty pounds. 3d. The fluids 
that are formed from the blood, as the sweat, 
saliva, &c. 

Few are aware of the disparity that ex- 
ists between the solids and fluids, as to quan- 
tity, in the composition of the human body. 
Contrary to the general belief, the fluids 
largely preponderate; — thus, if a body un- 
der ordinary circumstances be equal to one 
hundred pounds, it will be found, after tho- 
rough drying, to weigh but ten to twenty 
pounds. 

Where several organs unite to perform 
one function, an apparatus is said to be 
formed. Thus, several organs of dissimilar 
structure act together in breathing, and 
constitute the Respiratory (or Breathing) 
apparatus. 

I present you the basis structure, or 
foundation of the body. It is called the 
Skeleton, a dried body. In it are two 
hundred and eleven distinct pieces, or bones, 
excluding thirty-two teeth, in the adult, 
and eight small bones in the ears. The 



10 Medical Lectures 

skeleton consists of the Head, containing 
twenty-two bones, divided into Skull and 
Face — in the first are eight bones ; in the 
second fourteen bones. The Trunk has fifty- 
six bones ; twenty-four vertebrae, turning 
bones, which form the back-bone or spine ; 
twenty-four ribs, twelve on each side ; one 
breast-bone, five pieces which prolong the 
spine, and two broad or plate like pieces. 
The trunk is divided into the neck, chest, 
abdomen or belly, and the pelvis or basin. 
The upper extremities, sixty-eight bones, 
divided into shoulder, two bones; the arm, 
one ; the fore-arm, two ; and the hand, twen- 
ty-nine bones on each side. The inferior 
extremities, sixty-four bones, divided into 
thigh one, knee one, leg two, and foot twenty- 
eight bones each. There is, besides, a horse- 
shoe like bone in the throat, — making two 
hundred and eleven in the skeleton. 

Many of the bones move upon each other, 
forming joints ; the ends, or opposing surf- 
aces of these, and some others, are covered 
by a smooth elastic white substance called 



To Gentlemen. 11 

cartilage. The contiguous parts of most 
bones are held together by bands, or bags of 
strong white inelastic, but flexible, threads 
which form ligaments. All the bones are 
covered by the same white threads, that 
make a close investment of fibrous tissue 
named periosteum, or bone covering. The 
skeleton is covered by masses of flesh called 
muscles. Of these there are between four 
and five hundred that have been named. 
The muscular fibres can shorten themselves 
so as to approximate different parts : this is 
contractility. Some of the muscles act under 
the control of the will and are called volun- 
tary — others perform their functions with- 
out consciousness, and hence are described 
as involuntary ; while there is a third class 
which is sometimes directed by the will, and 
at other times acts without such influence 
and is involuntary. 

The muscles vary in size and form, and 
are connected with adjoining parts by white 
shining threads formed into cords and lay- 
ers, and named tendons, or sinews. Every 



12 Medical Lectures 

muscle is surrounded by a thin skin of 
spongy substance which forms an invest- 
ment for each piece, and a boundary between 
contiguous parts. This is called Cellular 
Tissue. To give symmetrical rotundity to 
the figure and fill up the spaces between the 
muscles and other parts, there are masses or 
layers of a white greasy granulated sub- 
stance which is called Fat, or Adipose Tis- 
sue. Running to and among the parts I 
have mentioned are tubes which brino; blood 
from the body and distribute it as they pass ; 
these are Arteries. Accompanying the ar- 
teries, and also traversing the body without 
them, are vessels which return the blood 
not needed for the functions of the parts, 
to the chest, and are called Veins. Passing 
with the vessels, and in some places without 
them, are seen many cords of soft white sub- 
stance ; these are Nerves. Of the vessels and 
nerves I shall speak more fully when I refer 
to the circulatory and nervous apparatus* 
The organs thus far mentioned are mostly 
found upon the exterior of the skeleton.— 



To Gentlemen. 13 

They are bound down, and entirely covered 
by a perfect investment named the Skin. 
This consists of three layers: one has in it 
small cells which secrete a coloring matter, 
a second is very soft and filled with vessels 
and nerves, the third or outer covering is a 
scaly layer called Cuticle, or Epidermis. Be- 
neath the skin are manv small masses with 
which hairs are connected ; others send 
through the layers fine tubes that convey 
an effete watery substance from the blood 
to the outer surface to be cast off. It is 
calculated that a man's entire skin surface 
will measure seventy-two square feet, and 
every square inch is perforated by about 
twelve hundred orifices, of the tubes, or 
pores of the skin, by which the watery fluid 
just spoken of exudes, and that in this way 
there is cast out of the system about one 
pound of used up matter every day. Some- 
times this substance passes off as a vapor, 
and is insensible perspiration — at other times 
this effete matter assumes a distinct fluid 

form and is then called perspiration, or sweat 

9 



14 Medical Lectures 

It is calculated if the tubes by which these 
" pores" empty were arranged in one line it 
would be twenty-eight miles long. 

I will now pass to a brief exposition of 
the organs that are situated in the skeleton, 
or more or less protected by it. On each 
side of the face below the forehead we find 
a globular mass, the Eye, or organ of vision, 
which has connected with it pieces of fat, 
glandular substance, muscles, blood vessels, 
and nerves ; the whole protected by the eye- 
lids, eye-lashes, and eye-brows. Below and 
between the eyes is a prominent bony and 
soft projection, the Nose ; in it are two open- 
ings leading into cavernous spaces and tubes 
separated by a partition — these, the nares 
or nostrils, and the nose, form the organ of 
smell. Under the nose is the elliptical open- 
ing, of the Mouth, bounded by muscnlar sub- 
stance, covered by the skin, and lined by a 
delicate structure called mucus membrane 
extending outwards and backwards, is an 
oblong cavity bounded on the sides by the 
teeth and cheeks, below by the tongue, and 



To Gentlemen. 15 

above by the palate. Oh each side are three 
masses called salivary glands, which secrete 
the peculiar fluid poured into the mouth 
while eating. Behind the mouth is a move- 
able partition, the soft palate, from the cen- 
tre of which hangs a tongue like piece, the 
Uvula. On each side the soft palate divides 
into two arches supported by pillars ; be- 
tween these are the Tonsils, or almonds of 
the ears. Behind the mouth is a cavity, the 
Throat, surrounded by a fleshy funnel-shaped 
bag, the Pharynx. In the throat beside the 
orifice from the mouth are openings from 
the nostrils, the ears, the windpipe and gul- 
let — but of these I will speak presently. On 
each side of the head is an appendage called 
External Ear, from which runs a canal in- 
wards to most complicated and beautiful 
structures which form the middle and in- 
ternal ear; the whole constitute the organ 
of hearing. I have spoken of openings in 
the throat which lead to the windpipe and 
gullet : the back one is the orifice of the di- 
gestive tube, the front one is the mouth of 



16 Medical Lectures 

the windpipe which passing downwards to 
the chest is part of the breathing apparatus. 
The respiratory or breathing apparatus 
consists of a tribe called the Windpipe, and 
two spongy masses denominated Lungs. 
The upper part of the windpipe communi- 
cates with the mouth and nose; the lower 
part of the tube divides into smaller branches 
until they become so fine that they are im- 
perceptible to the naked eye, and are lost in 
minute cells. The upper part of the wind- 
pipe, for about an inch and a half below the 
chin, is called the Larynx, or vocal box. The 
front part of this is very prominent in some 
individuals, especially males, and is named 
" Adam's Apple." Below the larynx, form- 
ing the middle of the windpipe for about 
five inches, is the Trachea, or rough tube. A 
little way below the upper part of the breast 
bone the trachea terminates by dividing in- 
to two tubes, which are called the Bronchi, 
and these proceed to various parts of the 
chest under the name of the Bronchial Tubes, 
and finally terminate in the small cells be- 



To Gentlemen. 17 

fore mentioned, and known as bronchial cells. 
It is computed that these cells, which are 
not seen by the naked eye, number in both 
lungs six hundred millions. 

The windpipe is made up chiefly of carti- 
laginous pieces, which are held together by 
certain most beautiful contrivances ; and the 
entire tube is lined by a kind of skin that 
runs from the nose and mouth down into 
the smallest bronchial cells, and is called 
a Mucus Membrane. It is' supposed that if 
this membrane were removed from the 
windpipe and cells, and spread out it would 
cover a surface twelve feet square. 

The windpipe is placed in front of the 
neck, in full view, while the lungs are hid 
from observation by the Chest the walls of 
which are bony, covered by muscles and 
other substances, and lined by a delicate 
membrane, which also covers the lungs, and 
t is called Pleura. 

The right lung is thicker and shorter 
than the left, and is divided into three parts 
or lobes. The left lung is longer and thinner 
2* B 



18 Medical Lectures 

than the right ; it has but two parts or lobes 
The front end of each lung is about oppo- 
site to the sixth rib, from which the end is 
prolonged backwards and downwards until 
it terminates opposite the tenth or eleventh 
rib. The chest is bounded in front by the 
breast bone and cartilages of the ribs, on 
each side by the ribs, behind by twelve ver- 
tebra or pieces of the spine, below by an 
arched muscular and tendonous floor, the 
Midriff, or Diaphragm, which separates the 
cavity of the chest from the abdomen. A 
well formed male adult measures from thir- 
ty-four to forty inches around the chest. — 
All the boundaries of this part move suffi- 
ciently to allow of an alternate enlargement 
and diminution of its cavity. 

A few inches below the head the pharynx 
or throat terminates in a membranous tube, 
that runs downwards for nine or ten inches 
in the back of the chest, the Esophagus, or 
Gullet, which penetrating the diaphragm to 
the left of the mesian line gets into the abdo- 
men and ends in the Stomach. This a conoid- 



To Gentlemen. 19 

al sac extending from under the ribs on the 
left side more or less obliquely across the 
belly into the right side. The stomach is 
large and bulging on the left side, and gra- 
dually lessons until it terminates in the In- 
testinal Canal ; where it ends there is a thick 
ring called Pylorus, or Porter, which con- 
tracts the orifice of communication. Under 
ordinary circumstances the stomach will 
contain two to three pints of matter. The 
Intestines, or Bowels, commence at the right 
end of the stomach, and form a tube about 
thirty feet long, which terminates between 
the buttocks in the Anus. That portion of 
the canal beginning at the stomach is about 
twenty-four feet long ; it is folded and pack- 
ed so closely as to occupy the smallest possi- 
ble space in the abdomen ; this small bowel, 
divided i nto Duodenum, Jejunum and Ilium, 
ends in the large intestine or Colon, in the 
right side just inside of the bone which 
forms the side wall of the pelvis ; from this 
point it passes upwards on the right side 
until it gets near the ribs, thence across to 



20 Medical Lectures 

the left side where it goes higher than the 
right side, and forming a curve passes down 
the left side to the point opposite to which 
it started. The large bowel is about five 
feet long, and terminates in the Rectum, or 
straight Bowel ; this is about ten inches long, 
and running downwards in front of the back 
wall of the pelvis ends at the anus. The 
Digestive Tube begins at the lips, and in- 
cludes the mouth, throat, esophagus, stom- 
ach, small and large intestines. That part 
of the tube in the abdomen and pelvis has 
four more or less perfect coats. The inner 
coat is Mucus Membrane, so arranged in 
plaits or folds that if it w 7 ere stretched out 
it would be much longer than the rest of 
the tube, the outer coats are cellular, muscu- 
lar and serous substance. This last, under 
the name of Peritoneum, lines the abdominal 
walls, and after covering the bowels forms 
folds which fasten the tube to the spine and 
contiguous parts. Between the layers of 
these folds are many blood vessels, nerves, 
numerous small masses called glands which 



To Gentlemen. 21 

are connected with the bowels by small ves- 
sels named Lacteals, or milk tubes ; these pass 
through the glands and run between the folds 
of peritoneum towards the spine and empty 
into the Thoracic Duct, which terminates 
in a vein in the lower part of the left side of 
the neck. Attached to the left side of the 
stomach is anovoidal mass weighing usual- 
ly about six ounces; it looks like a large clot 
of blood and is named Spleen. Behind the 
stomach lies a structure about nine inches 
long, half an inch thick, and from one to 
two inches wide, and named Fancreas, or 
Sweet Bread ; it secretes a fluid like saliva. 
The pancreas is traversed by a tube or duct 
which enters the duodenum. 

Immediately under the right ribs and 
stretching into the left side is found the Liv- 
er, the largest gland in the body. This organ 
is about twelve inches long, six to eight 
inches wide, and from one to five inches 
thick; it weighs about three and a half 
pounds. The liver is largely supplied with 
blood vessels, and nerves. Upon the under 



22 Medical Lectures 

side is placed a pear shaped bag called Gall 
Bladder. The liver consists of small grains 
which are aggregated to form the organ. 
Starting in each granule is a small tube 
which uniting with its fellows form the 
Biliary Duct ; this passes a few inches and 
is joined by the Cystic Duct, or excretory 
tube of the gall bladder. The vessel thus 
formed is the Common Duct, which after 
passing a short space terminates near the 
pancreatic duct in the duodenum about four 
inches from the end of the stomach. In a 
healthy condition the liver secretes about 
four ounces of fluid, Bile, every day. 

All the organs I have mentioned unite in 
one work and form the Digestive Apparatus. 
The process by which the food is' changed, 
Digestion, is one of the most important and 
interesting in the animal economy. The 
food solid taken into the mouth is cut and 
ground by the teeth, Mastication, mixed 
with the saliva, Insalivation, carried into 
the throat, swallowed, Deglutition, passed 
down the esophagus into the stomach, where 



To Gentlemen. 23 

meeting the juices there found, it is soaked 
and compressed by the walls of that organ 
and changed into a substance called Chyme ; 
the process is chyraification ; the chyme goes 
out of the stomach into the duodenum where 
after passing about four inches it meets the 
bile and pancreatic fluid; after mixing with 
them the digesting matter is divided into 
two parts, one attaches itself closely to the 
inner wall of the bowel, and in its course 
onwards is increased by the nutritive por- 
tion of the second part, and converted by 
the process of chylitication into chyle. As 
the chyle is forced along by the contractions 
of the muscular coat of the bowels the ori- 
fices of the little vessels before mentioned, 
lacteals, suck it up and it is carried by these 
tubes to the thoracic duct and conveyed to 
the vein in the neck previously referred to; 
it then passes into the circulation, and after 
being gradually formed into blood feeds 
every part of the body. 

In the chest, between the lungs, encroach- 
ing upon the left side we find a sac of fibrous 



24 Medical Lectures 

structure called Pericardium,, or Heart Bag, 
lined by a shining membrane of serous char- 
acter like the pleura and peritoneum ; within 
this is a conoid al organ of muscular and ten- 
donous substance, the Heart ; this lies base 
upwards, rather obliquely from the middle 
line towards the left side. The heart is 
about six inches long, foiir inches wide at 
the baseband varies from two to three inch- 
es in thickness ; it weighs usually about six 
ounces. The base is nearly opposite the 
middle of the breast bone, while the apex 
will be found between the sixth and eighth 
ribs, as it may be contracted or relaxed. — 
The heart is divided by a partition into 
right and left sides. In the base of the or- 
gan are two cavities with ear like append- 
ages, and called Auricles ; below these and 
communicating with them by openings are 
two other cavities named Ventricles. Tw t o 
large veins empty the blood from different 
parts of the body into the right auricle; 
when this is filled;each cavity holds about 
two ounces ; its thin walls contract and the 



To Gentlemen. 25 

fluid flows into tire right ventricle; when 
the cavity is distended its thicker walls are 
shortened and the fluid is forced through 
the Pulmonary Artery into the lungs ; thus 
far the blood is very dark colored, Venous 
Blood ; in passing through the lungs it is 
changed, as I will explain presently, and 
assumes a bright hue, it is Arterial Blood 
now ; the vessels gradually diminish in size 
until they are not perceptible to the naked 
eye, Capillaries, and terminate in the pulmo- 
nary veins, and these, four in number, pour 
it into the left auricle, this forces it the left 
ventricle, whose walls are very thick and 
strong, thence it is passed into a large arte- 
ry, the Aorta, by whose branches it is dis- 
tributed to all parts of the body. 

As I have said, the blood passes through 
the lungs. This fluid is' of two colors ; the 
one dark colored, indeed almost black, call- 
ed venous, and the other a bright red, named 
arterial blood. The dark colored blood, 
passing through minute vessels that are 
spread over the mucus membrane lining 

O 



26 Medical Lectures 

the bronchial or air cells, is brought into 
contact with the air that is taken into the 
lungs by the act of inspiration. The taking 
in of air, or inspiration, is effected about six- 
teen times each minute, and, in ordinary 
circumstances about twenty inches of air 
pass into the lungs by each inspiration. By 
this contact with the air a great change is 
effected in the blood ; it gives off carbona- 
ceous matter that mixes with the air re- 
tained in the lungs, and its color is altered 
from purple, venous blood, to the bright 
red hue that indicates arterial blood. Other 
changes also occur. 

The red blood contains more oxygen and 
has a greater capacity for heat than the 
darker blood. By the act of expiration the 
air not required in the lungs is thrown out 
with the carbonaceous matter before men- 
tioned, and the same processes, inspiration 
and expiration are repeated several times 
in a minute, so that as the dark blood is 
brought into the lungs it may be constantly 
changed or revivified. Respiration is form- 



To Gentlemen. 27 

ed by the alternate acts of inspiration and 
expiration. It is then carried by appropri- 
ate vessels to the Heart, from which it is 
forced into arteries, that convey it to all 
parts of the body, where such quantities 
are supplied as are necessary for nutrition 
and other functions. The remainder, going 
on, meets with other blood, which had been 
previously sent to the part, and which, hav- 
ing performed its duty, is changed in color, 
and become purple or venous. The two 
fluids intimately mix, and are carried back 
to the heart to be sent through the lungs 
and go again through the circuit that has 
been described. 

As the blood passes through the arteries 
they dilate and contract alternately, and a 
wave like movement is readily observed in 
any superficial artery, as at the wrist, this 
" movement" is the Pulse — this is synchro- 
nas with the contractions of the heart. The 
heart contracts or throws out the blood 
about seventy-two times per minute. The 
condition of the circulation is very closely 



28 Medical Lectures 

ascertained by counting the inspirations and. 
multiplying them by four and a half; thus 
sixteen inspirations in a minute multiplied 
by four and a half equal seventy-two, a suf* 
ficient approximation for any practical pur- 
pose. 

The whole blood of the body is estimated 
to be about twenty-eight pounds, sixteen 
ounces to the pound, equal to four hundred 
and forty-eight ounces. Please remember 
that in using the figures I have mentioned 
I do not imply mathematical accuracy, but 
I am sufficiently near the mark for all ordi- 
nary purposes. 

Sometimes parts containing the same gen r 
eral elements, but in different shapes, are 
grouped together and called a System, i. e. 
the brain, spinal marrow, and nerves, are 
spoken of as one whole, and called the Nerv- 
ous System. 

This system is generally understood, even 
by the unskilled in anatomy, to be one of 
the most important in the body, and this 
popular impression is fully sustained by sci- 



To Gentlemen. 29 

entific authority. One of the best state- 
ments of the uses of this system is given in 
a recent work, as follows — "The nervous 
system controls the functions of the animal 
econonry, receives impressions from external 
objects, and transmits those impressions to 
the understanding." The correctness of this 
exposition will be readily appreciated when 
we remember that portions of this system 
are found in every part of the body, and that 
the different structures are tied together by 
the freely communicating and everywhere 
present nerves. 

The Brain is the large soft mass situated 
in the skull. It varies in weight, in the 
male it is from forty to fifty-six ounces. 
Five-sixths of the mass form the Cerebrum, 
or great brain ; the other sixth, lying in the 
back part of the head, is called Cerebellum, 
or little brain, and is situated under the first 
or great brain. Connected with the brain 
is a rounded cord, the Spinal Marrow, which 
traverses the canal formed by the vertebrae 
or bones of the spine. Passing to and from 
3* 



30 Medical Lectures 

the brain and spinal marrow are white cords 
which I have spoken of as Nerves ; those 
which go out convey power from within, 
while the ones which pass in transmit the 
sensasions made by impressions received by 
the organs ; the first are called nerves of mo- 
tion, the second are the nerves of sensation. 
Besides these are the nerves which control 
particular functions, as seeing, &c, and are 
named nerves of special sense. Many years 
ago, 1848, 1 compared this arrangement of 
nervous matter and its functions to the 
Magnetic Telegraph, and an examination 
will demonstrate I think, the aptness of the 
simile. In addition to the parts mentioned 
we find in different parts of the body many 
nervous cords, with knot like arrangements 
in various places, Ganglia, which pass from 
organ to organ, uniting the various parts, 
and seeming to produce a sympathy of ac- 
tion between them. These irregular nerves 
form the Sympathetic System. 

The nervous system has long been looked 
upon as the medium through which the 



To Gentlemen. 31 

mind or soul operates. So important is this 
union of immaterial essense and material 
substance considered, that the most profound 
theologians, the best physiologists and phy- 
sicians, and the learned of all professions, 
have spent much time and put forth many 
hypotheses with a view to explain this won- 
derful union. But thus for, although many 
beautiful speculations have been promulga- 
ted, the manner of the connexion and the 
mode in which the mind, an emanation 
from the Deity, is united with and operates 
through human organs, is not yet demon- 
strated. But notwithstanding no perfect 
exposition of the arrangement can be made 
by finite mortals, Providence has permitted 
us to learn enough of his wonderful works 
to apprehend at least the fact that mind and 
body reciprocally operate upon each other. 
My hearers will please understand clearly 
that I repudiate entirely all ideas of materi- 
alism, or that perverted, so called, philoso- 
phy, that attempts to explain mental phe- 
nomena, by any known law of physiology or 



32 Medical Lectures 

other branch of natural science. My belief 
is, that in the functions of the human body 
an essence called mind, is so intimately con- 
nected with the bodily organs by means of 
the nervous system, that diseases or disor- 
der of the functions of the body will inter- 
fere with the operations of the mind, and 
that derangements of mental functions will 
produce disorder or disease in the organs of 
the physical structure. 

It is believed that diseases of the nervous 
and muscular systems prevail more in our 
own country than in any other. The Ameri- 
can climate is far drier and more stimulating 
than the European, and it quickens the nerv- 
ous system to far greater activity. This is 
one, among many reasons, for the acknowl- 
edged fact, that the Americans are quicker 
wittecl, more inventive, and, to use a home 
word, " smarter" than Europeans generally. 
Taken in connexion with the fact that the 
means of getting at least moderate wealth 
are within every one's reach, this peculiarity 
of climate gives us another national charac- 



To Gentlemen. 33 

teristic, viz. the desire to "go ahead," to get 
rapidly rich, and the willingness to work in- 
cessantly, both with brain and hands, by day 
and by night, to accomplish this object. — 
Few are aware, amid the hurry of business, 
the incitements of ambition, and the almost 
universal abuse of the sexual organs, of the 
physical wear and tear they are all the while 
undergoing. The result is that they either 
break down suddenly with nervous prostra- 
tion, heart disease, &c, or else (and more 
commonly) lay the foundation for life-long 
suffering, or for rapid decay, in dyspepsia, 
neuralgia, nervous weakness, insanity, sper- 
matorhcea, heart disease, or consumption. 
The Urinary organs are the Kidneys, two, 
and the Bladder. Each kidney is of brown 
color, about four inches long, two wide, and 
one inch thick, and weighs about four 
ounces. The kidneys are placed in the back 
of the abdomen, in the loins, one on each 
6ide of the spine, and behind the bowels. 
A very good idea of them may be had from 
an examination of a sheep's kidney. Each 
c 



34 Medical Lectures 

organ is more or less convex, but flattened 
on each surface ; the front or spinal edge has 
in it a deep notch, occupied by nerves and 
vessels passing in and out. The right kid- 
ney is lower down, nearer the pelvis, than 
the left. On the top of each kidney is a fat- 
ty like mass called the capsule of the kidney. 
"When the kidney is cut through from side 
to side, its outer part for about half an inch 
in thickness is seen to be formed of small 
grains ; the inner portion is an aggregation 
of small tubes which converge, and form 
many little nipple eminences — each of these 
has a small open depression at its apex ; the 
" eminences" are surrounded by little bags 
which end in a tube, Ureter, about ten inches 
long, that runs to the back of the lower 
part of the bladder. 

The kidneys are very liberally supplied 
with blood, and they secrete or form the 
fluid known as Urine. There is made from 
thirty-two to forty ounces, one quart to one 
quart and a quarter, of this fluid every day, 
under ordinary circumstances, but the quan- 



To Gentlemen 35 

tity is relatively greater in cold weather. 
The urine passes drop by drop through the 
ureters, or urine tubes, into the Bladder. 
Asa general thing the urine is of pale straw 
color, with its acid, alkaline and other con- 
stituents so equally blended that it is of 
neutral character, but in some disordered 
or diseased conditions it changes in hue, be- 
coming pale or a very dark color, and its 
composition is so disturbed that it is dis- 
tinctly alkaline or acid, and from being 
comparatively inodorous it becomes fetid. 
At times some of its ingredients separate 
and form sandy granules which are called 
Gravel. Occasionally these " granules" grow T 
together and iovm. Stone. And in many 
other ways the functions of the kidneys are 
deranged either by disease in themselves, or 
sympathetically from irregular actions of 
other organs. 

The Bladder is a somewhat oval sac, flat- 
tened at the base. It is situated in the pel- 
vis or basin ; in its general condition it will 
contain from one to two pints of fluid, but 



86 Medical Lectures 

when distended I have known it to hold 
from four to five pints of urine. The walls 
of the bladder are thin, and separable into 
four more or less perfect coats. The greater 
part of the organ is smooth and uniform, 
but as we approach the lower portion, at a 
contracted part called its Neck, changes oc- 
cur. We find a firm substance about the 
size of a horse chestnut, up to middle age, 
equally divided into two parts or lobes, this 
is the Prostrate Gland. As life advances, 
especially in those who have committed sex- 
ual abuse, a prominence forms in the inside 
of the bladder between the two parts, and 
is called the third lobe of the prostrate. Up 
to middle age, in a healthy condition, the 
urine may be retained for several hours, but 
when enlargement occurs, or other diseases, 
of which I shall speak shortly, are present, 
the urine must be voided more frequently. 
If a finger be well oiled and passed gently, 
with the end curved forward, for a short 
distance through the anus, the size and lo 
cation of the prostrate can be readily learn- 



To Gentlemen. 37 

ed. Connected with the prostrate and run- 
ning backwards obliquely from it are two 
oblong spongy bags called Seminal Vesicles. 
A short distance above these, towards the 
sides of of the bladder the ureters are seen 
penetrating the walls of the organ obliquely. 
Between the " vesicles" two hard tubes are 
placed ; these come from the testicles, and 
will be explained directly. Within the pros- 
trate is a short tube ; the opening at the in- 
ner end of this is the mouth of the bladder, 
through which the urine, semen, and some- 
times other fluids, pass into the urethra to 
be excreted at the outer end of that tube. 

The Sexual organs are the Penis and Testi- 
cles. The first, penis, is attached by two 
roots or legs to the front bones of the pelvis, 
from which it passes downward, in the flac- 
cid condition, from five to eight inches, and 
is cylindroidal in shape. It is divided into 
roots of which I have spoken, body and head, 
the roots passing from the pelvis form two 
rounded bodies, united in the middle, full 
of small caverns, and hence called the Cav- 
4 



38 Medical Lectures 

ernous bodies; between and below these is 
an elongated spongy mass, the Spongy body, 
which passing to the ends of the cavernous 
bodies expands and forms a cap like covering 
which is the head, or glans, of the penis. The 
back part of the "head" is bounded by a 
prominent oblique ridge called the crown of 
the penis ; between this and the ends of the 
cavernous bodies is a groove named the 
neck of the penis. The head is covered by 
a smooth skin of mucus membrane. The 
entire organ is protected by a sheath like 
covering of common skin, near the extrem- 
ity of the organ this skin forms a more or 
less perfect fold, the prepuce. This skin 
covers the head in boyhood, and sometimes 
continues elongated, producing disorders to 
be referred to hereafter, and frequently the 
operation of circumcision must be perform- 
ed to obtain relief. On the under surface it 
sends forward a little process which ties the 
prepuce to the head, and thus is formed the 
frocnum, or bridle. Within the skin of the 
prepuce as it surrounds the neck of the pe 



To Gentlemen. 39 

nis are many little pouches, like fingers of a 
glove, in which is formed a white secretion, 
smegma, if this be allowed to accumulate, or 
if careful washing of the parts be neglected, 
great irritation is excited, a discharge re- 
sembling; gonorrhoea occurs, or ulceration 
like syphilis is formed; these " pouches" are 
^called the glands of Tyson. 

The spongy body is traversed by a canal, 
the urethra, through which the urine passes 
from the bladder; this runs beyond the pe- 
nis to the mouth of the bladder ; the part 
intervening between the prostrate and the 
spongy body is the membranous portion of 
the urethra, and is from half an inch to an 
inch long. Above the " roots" is a mass of 
fatty matter, the mons veneris, covered with 
hair. 

Hanging from the penis and adjoining 
parts, between the thighs, is a bag, the 
Scrotum. Its outer surface is more or less 
covered by hair, within it there are a thin 
layer of muscular substance and a layer of 
serous membrane. Inside of these coverings 



40 Medical Lectures 

we find, on each side, an organ about an 
inch and a quarter long, three-quarters of an 
inch wide, and half an inch thick ; these are 
the Testicles. The left testicle is usually an 
inch or so lower than the right. These or- 
gans are very liberally supplied with vessels 
and nerves, and are exquisitely sensitive. 
Each testicle is surrounded by a close coat- 
ing of fibrous structure. Each organ con- 
sists of numerous small masses called lobuli, 
or little tubes. Every one of these bodies, 
lobuli, is made of a thread like tube which 
is folded and packed in such a waj^ as to 
take the least posssible room ; if this were 
stretched out it would form a tube nearly a 
mile long. These tubes after many convo- 
lutions end in a conduit, on each side, that 
passes out of the scrotum and through the 
walls of the abdomen, and terminates in the 
base of the bladder. These conduits, or ex- 
cretory tubes, are about ten inches long, and 
are named vasa dejerentia. These vessels, 
nerves and other substances form cords, 
spermatic cords, which keep the tisticles sus- 



To Gentlemen. , 41 

pencled in the scrotum. The testicles secrete 
or form from the blood, of which they receive 
a large quantity as I have said, a creamy or 
white of egg like fluid, which is the Semen, 
or masculine liquor. The quantity of this 
liquor formed in a day varies according to 
the condition of the organs, whether quies- 
cent or sexually excited ; in the former case 
it may be from half a dram to a dram in 
twenty-four hours. When examined under 
the microscope there are found in semen 
many little tadpole like substances moving 
about quickly as though endowed with the 
most intense vitality ; these are the sperma- 
torrzoea, or seminal animalcules. It is gene- 
rally believed that these bodies give to the 
semen impregnating or vitalizing power. 
The semen is the most concentrated or 
strongest secretion in the body. It is sup- 
pused that twenty-five ounces of blood are 
used in forming one ounce of this fluid. If 
this calculation be true, and it is sufficientlv 
approximative to teach us an important les- 
son, we learn that the waste of one ounce of 
4* 



42 . Medical Lectures 

semen is equal to the loss of one-eighteenth 
of all the blood in the body. Please bear 
this fact in mind ; I shall refer to it again. 

It is not my purpose to explain how im- 
pregnation follows the union of the sexes ; I 
have told you briefly of the structure of the 
sexual organs, by whose use we fulfil God's 
command " Be fruitful, and multiply, and 
replenish the earth." 

I have not attempted a, minute description 
of the body or its functions, but I have said 
enough to enable us to appreciate Shak- 
speare's beautiful exposition of the human 
being: " What a piece of work is man! 
How noble in reason ! How infinite in facul- 
ties ! in action, how like an angel ! in appre- 
hension, how like^ a god ! the beauty of the 
world ! the paragon of animals ! " 

There is no human act which yields so 
much pleasure as that afforded by the use 
of the sexual organs in the discharge of one 
of their functions — cohabitation with a wo- 
man. But it does not follow because God 
made our organs of generation and endow- 



To Gentlemen. 43 

ed us, within certain limits, with the desire 
for, and power of sexual intercourse, that a 
man should »>e all the time thinking of it 
or trying to do it, although the absorbing 
thought with some men is how to get the 
most pleasure in sexual gratification in the 
shortest time. 

Any machine if constantly worked will 
soon give out, while man, who is the " Tem- 
ple of the living God," and made up by 
pieces of the most perfect machinery ever 
conceived of, seems to forget or ignore the 
fact that the excessive working of one part 
♦ impairs its usefulness, or entirely destroys 
its power ; nor does the mischief stop in the 
abused, part, but through the connexion or 
sympathy which unites all parts into one 
harmonious whole, other organs, even seem- 
ingly remote ones, are disordered, the func- 
tions of all parts become perverted, health 
is permanently impaired, and loss of life is 
the forfeit paid for the abuse of the organs, 
or for the inordinant and wicked gratifica- 
tion of a natural and pleasure yielding 
function. 



44 Medical Lectures 

I have been asked very often how many 
times can a man practice sexual inter- 
course? My reply has been, and is T I cannot 
tell definitely. I know one man who is 
satisfied once a week, and I attend another 
whose average number of acts of sexual in- 
tercourse is twenty times every seven days. 
They are both of middle age; the first en- 
joys constant good health, and is placid in 
temper; the second, although naturally ro- 
bust, is of irritable temper, has had quick 
attacks of dangerous character, and is al- 
most certain, unless lie stop in his mad ca- 
reer, and change his wicked course, that 
he will die in the sexual act, or from some 
sudden attack of disease in the head or 
heart, and which will be clearly traceable to 
his abuse of one of God's gifts. Many years 
as;o a clerical friend asked me how often a 
man might have intercourse without in- 
juring the health of his wife or himself. 
Before I replied, I inquired how often they 
did it? Thev were about thirty-five years 
old, and healthy ; his answer was, " once 



To Gentlemen. 45 

every day, and occasionally more than that * 
to make up for lost time during her men- 
struation." I told him that once a week was 
enough for health and all proper pleasure. 
I added, you are a theologian and should 
remember Luther's opinion that twice a 
week was enough of this gratification for 
all reasonable and right minded people. 
The age at which sexual power commences, 
as indicated by the seminal secretion, varies, 
but in this climate at about fourteen years 
such changes are manifested in the male as 
show that he is passing from childhood to 
adolescence, the period of Puberty has ar- 
rived. The u changes" are seen in the mor- 
al as well as physical condition ; in some 
eases the boy becomes more modest and re- 
served, while in others he gets bolder, more 
self possessed and shows traits of incipient 
manliness. In warmer climates puberty is 
developed earlier than here, while in cold 
latitudes it is generally later. At this period 
semen is formed, and its presence seems to 
give an energy and feelings not previously 



46 Medical Lectures. 

possessed. The seminal formation indicates 
procreative power, but it is not the evidence 
of the first sexual desire, for this often exists 
years before the fluid is developed, but it is 
true that from this period, puberty, the vi- 
rile power continues until old age, unless 
the man by his sexual abuse shall have so 
much impaired his vital powers as to de- 
stroy his capacity. 

After the age of fifty, in ordinary cases, 
the power of man to do the sexual act di- 
minishes until it is quite gone at from sixty 
to sixty-five years, but I have known it to 
continue much longer. Some years ago I 
had a patient between seventy-two and three 
years of age who assured me had sexual in- 
tercourse once a week, and could do it as 
well as when he was fifty. But this is an 
exceptional case. I have often heard men 
over sixty boast that they could perform 
the act as well as when they were forty, ex- 
cept tfiat it now. at over sixty, took them 
a little longer. From this statement one 
might infer that from the commencement 



To Gentlemen. 47 

of the effort it required a longer time for 
enjoyment than previously. A very slight 
analysis of facts will show that this story 
is not true ; in any ordinary case if a man 
commence the sexual act at twenty, and 
tew wait until that age, and practice it even 
moderately until sixty will have used up his 
venereal power ; his mind can still think of 
the enjoyment as intensely as before, but 
the muscles which erect the penis have par- 
tially lost their power and do not obey the 
will as at earlier age. When he attempts 
the act he has thought of it intensely and is 
much excited, and when he tries the per- 
formance even with a half erect penis, the 
semen is soon ejected and he is done, with- 
out power to renew the effort until many 
hours or days elapse. Thus many men of 
this age die in the act, or very soon suc- 
cumb after its performance. If men would 
only thank God for the pleasure he has en- 
abled them to enjoy, and think that there is 
a limit to human power, they would not so 
strain themselves to attain what it is impos- 
sible for them to accomplish. 



48 Medical Lectures 

Man attains his stature and full develop- 
ment of his organs as a general thing be- 
tween the twentieth and twenty-fifth year of 
his age, and if he be wise and wish to enjoy 
all his functions to a " good old age," he 
will not use Jhis sexual organs in the genera- 
tive act before this period. But how few 
" w r ise" people do we find ; there are few y 
very few, that retain their virgin as St, 
Paul calls it until even the earliest year 
named. As soon as semen is formed most 
boys think they are quite or nearly men 7 
and to prove their manly powder they plunge 
into all kinds of venereal excesses. Al- 
though they have not the power of procrea- 
tion until puberty is passed, it is an unfor- 
tunate, but positive fact that there are few 
boy& who have not indulged in sexual exci- 
tation either by themselves or with other 
boys, in the abominable, wicked, and soul 
destroying habit of 8 elf -Pollution or Mastur- 
bation. The word Onanism is sometimes 
used as a synonyme, but it differs greatly 
from the " secret vice.' 7 On this subject I 



To Gentlemen. 49 

advise you to read the 38th chapter of Gen- 
esis and Dr. Adam Clarke's Commentary 
thereon. There is no age or condition of 
life in which there are not some who pur- 
sue this loathsome practice. As many of 
you are aware my experience as a physician 
runs back for more than forty years, in 
which time I have always had a very large 
private practice, I have been physician to 
public institutions, consulting physician 
and Physician in Chief to the Philadelphia 
Hospital, Lunatic Asylum and Alms House. 
I have taught some department of medical 
knowledge every year since 1829, I have 
been connected as teacher and Professor 
with many literary and Medical Institu- 
tions, my courses of instruction have inclu- 
ded all the branches usually taught in Med- 
ical Colleges except Chemistry. Many of 
the most prominent physicians, and the 
most distinguished teachers and professors 
in our land have been my pupils. And I 
believe with two or three exceptions, I have 
taught Surgery longer than any man in the 
5 D 



50 Medical Lectures 

United States. I do not state these facts 
boastingly, but for the information of those 
who do not know me or my history, and to 
show that my experience and means of ob- 
servation have been as great as this country 
can afford. 

Among the many that have been under 
my care for the relief of some of the dis- 
eases produced by masturbation, were the 
sons of Physicians, Clergymen, Judges, 
Lawyers, and all other vocations. I have 
treated many medical and theological stu- 
dents, and I am satisfied there are few, if 
any, institutions of learning from the pri- 
maiy school to the highest university in 
which there are not many victims of this 
devil hatched habit. Nor is the practice 
confined to any age, I have detected it in 
boys four years old, and found it in the man 
of sixty. I have seen it among married men 
as w T ell as single men. I might give you 
many cases as illustrations, but time will 
not permit. 

The space of an ordinary lecture or two 



To Gentlemen. 51 

would afford me time to tell you the terri- 
ble effects of masturbation or excessive ve- 
nery. I will refer in a short way to some 
of the derangements of the nervous and 
muscular systems and other organs. After- 
wards I shall speak more particularly of 
some diseases that impair health and short- 
en life. 

As a consequence of nervous derangements, 
the other systems of the body become more 
or less irregular in their functions. But no 
one system is more intimately connected 
with or readily sympathises with the nerv- 
ous than the muscular system ; hence dis- 
eases or disorders of the one are always ac- 
companied or followed by some perverted 
action of the other. 

The symptoms which indicate disease or 
disorder of these systems are very numerous. 
They show themselves sometimes in the 
head iu the shape of headache, more or less 
severe, ringing and strange noises in the 
ears, imperfections of vision, motes floating, 
or flashes of light passing before the eyes, 



52 Medical Lectures 

itching and irritation of the nose, dryness 
of the mouth, and sour or disagreeable 
taste. In the throat and chest will some- 
times be found difficulty of swallowing, ir- 
ritation about the lungs as indicated by oc- 
casional attacks of difficulty of breathing, 
and indisposition or inability to lie down, 
irregular action of the heart, as palpitations, 
at times a feeling as though the heart had 
ceased occasionally to act, and the patient 
experiences most distressing sensations of 
weakness, sinking and death-like feeling; 
want of appetite, sickness of stomach, sen- 
sation of fulness, weight and uneasiness un- 
der the left lower ribs; heartburn and water 
brash often ensue. The patient sometimes 
experiences slight pains and uneasiness in 
the right side, which appear to pass to the 
shoulders of centre of the back, between the 
shoulder blades. He is troubled with flatu- 
lence and rumblings in the bowels; the 
bowels themselves are generally irregular, 
sometimes costive, at other times loose ; the 
urine is occasionally discharged more fre- 



To Gentlemen. 53 

quently than natural, in larger quantity, 
and of pale color; in other cases the quanti- 
ty is small, the color deepened, and it ap- 
pears to contain some foreign matter float- 
ing in it ; while in other cases again there are 
frequent calls but difficulty is experienced 
in evacuating the bladder. There are pains 
in the back or uneasy sensations in that re- 
gion, with a general feeling of lassitude or 
indisposition to take exercise or make bodily 
effort. 

The foregoing symptoms, more or less 
combined, generally indicate either some 
lesion of the nervous or muscular svstem, 
or of both together, produced by the general 
causes previously referred to, or else some 
disorder of^their functional action. 

The excessive excitement accompanying 
the venereal act produces irregular determi- 
nations of blood which sometimes rupture 
one or more vessels in the lungs, to be follow- 
ed by quick or slow consumption. Should 
the head be the congested part, apoplexy 
5* 



54 Medical Lectures 

may come on and be succeeded by paralysis, 
epilepsy or insanity. 

I might increase the list of ailments to 
much greater length, but I have said enough 
to show you the effects upon the general 
system of the violations of God's law, to 
which I have referred. 

From the terrible effects of masturbation, 
part of which only have I detailed, one 
would naturally think that parents and 
physicians should be cognizant of the facts, 
but this is very often not the case ; the father 
attributes the son's failing health to some 
peculiar Providential affliction, and if a hint 
of the true condition be given, he becomes 
angry that such vile conduct should be im- 
puted to his son. The following statement 
will show that physicians are sometimes 
wofully ignorant of these matters. About 
twenty-five years ago I met Dr. B., an or- 
thodox Quaker, a well informed Christian 
man, one of our best physicians and engaged 
in a large practice, he graduated about 1805. 
He said to me, " I am told Doctor that in 



To Gentlemen. 55 

thy surgical lectures thee Says much about 
masturbation." I replied " Yes, every year 
since I have been a teacher or professor in 
a medical institution I give, in my course, 
one or two lectures on this subject, and 
Doctor B. I am sorry to say I fear I am 
one of the few medical teachers that speak 
fully of this vice and its terrible conse- 
quences." Says my friend, " I have prac- 
tised forty years and have seen very little 
of this thing ; does thee think it is com- 
mon ?" I answered " No, Doctor, I do not 
think it is very common, I know it is prac- 
tised much oftener than good people like 
you imagine. In your practice you have 
treated young persons affected thus and so, 
what think you are are the causes ? " "I 
supposed such symptoms arose from dyspep- 
sia, heart irritability or nervousness ; but I 
know," added he, " that thee has had great 
means of observation, and, believing thee to 
know I shall examine more closely hereaf- 
ter." 

The object of the remarks I have made 



56 Medical Lectures 

will be but imperfectly attained unless we 
learn some means to prevent the practice by 
young boys, and, second, to adopt a course 
for those more advanced in life, that they 
can obtain the relief or cure of the terrible 
conditions they" have plunged themselves 
into. 

I trust that parents among my listeners 
are now satisfied of the great prevalence of 
this vice, and the great responsibility God 
has devolved upon them in giving them 
children to rear. My suggestions will be 
hygienic, and I will try to make them so 
plain that the most ignorant can follow 
them. First From the earliest infancy the 
child should be so carefully fed that de- 
rangements of the digestive organs will be 
avoided, and the formation of worms in the 
bowels prevented. These parasites are sup- 
posed by many to be natural and necessary 
during childhood ; this a great error, they 
are produced by improper diet, lack of pro- 
per cleanliness, &c. "When they do exist 
they often accumulate in the lower bowel, 



To Gentlemen. 57 

and establish irritation there which is readi- 
ly communicated to the adjoining bladder 
and penis. It will generally be found that 
children thus afflicted urinate oftener than 
others, scratch the anus, and titillate the 
penis to relieve the irritation, and thus is 
established in the very young' a habit which 
often destroys life. In addition to proper 
feeding the child should be kept thoroughy 
clean. 

Second. Children should always sleep 
alone. They should not be allowed to visit 
out-houses, or private rooms with servants 
or other boys. Whenever a call occurs for 
natural evacuations the mother should at- 
tend to her boy herself, or only intrust him 
to one whose age and proper principles jus- 
tify the confidence. In all cases the great- 
est care should be taken that the bladder 
and bowels of the child are fully evacuated 
before he goes to bed. 

I might give many cases to prove the ne- 
cessity of the course mentioned, but I will 
not delay. I think my advice will be suffi- 
cient to all who know me. 



58 Medical Lectures 

Third. As the boy gets older, explain fully 
and affectionately to him the course of liv- 
ing he should pursue, and caution him 
against beginning the habit either from 
natural impulse or the teachings of those 
older and more corrupt than himself. Un- 
til at least fifteen years old, all boys should 
avoid hot bread, pies, rich pudding and fried 
food, coffee, tea, stimulating drinks and to- 
bacco. They ought to live on milk, water, 
bread, crackers, potatoes, rice, tomatoes 
and the ordinary vegetables, and fruits in 
their seasons. They should eat animal food 
but once a day, and that at dinner from 
twelve to two o'clock. They should be as 
much as possible in the open air. They 
should learn boxing, dancing, rowing and 
other athletic exercises. I advise you to 
send your sons to the gymnasium of my 
friend Mr. Thomas Barrett. They should be 
taught to enjoy life, that they are respon- 
sible beings, and that their early conduct 
makes or mars their subsequent existence. 
Parents should always be truthful to, and, 



. To Gentlemen. 59 

as far as possible, confidential with their 
boys. There is more sense and honor in 
children than people imagine. I know that 
some persons think it better to let children 
grow up ignorant of these matters, fearing 
they might excite improper thoughts. I 
pity these "mistaken souls," if they ever 
knew the fact, they forget that from the 
time of Adarn we " are prone to evil as the 
sparks to fly upward." 

When puberty is reached the boy passes 
somewhat from the control of the father, 
but his care should not be relaxed, and his 
affectionate watching should be continued. 
A boy at a school, or literary institution, 
even if before virtuous, and not practising 
self-pollution, is very apt to acquire the 
habit from the example or advice of others, 
and hence the necessity of special parental 
care. Free advice and full instruction 
should be freely given him, and some pro- 
per book upon this subject be j)laced in his 
hands for careful study. Such general hy- 
gienic course" as I have advised for younger 



60 Medical Lectures 

boys should be carried out. Among the 
best means to induce and maintain health 
is bathing, by washing, or swimming. As 
access to open water cannot always be had, 
the most healthful and delightful method 
of bathing is by the Turkish Bath. No one 
who has not enjoyed this luxury can appre- 
ciate the feelings of buoyancy, and delight- 
ful sensations which follow the "bath/' At 
the establishment of the Messrs. Elvins the 
"bath" is given in the most scientific and 
pleasant manner. 

From my remarks in the beginning of 
this lecture, it must be obvious to you that 
it would be improper to suggest the use of 
drugs to you. I could tell you of some 
medicines that might do good where proper 
professional advice cannot be obtained, but 
the right and best course is to seek the aid 
of a good Surgeon, as soon as the boy's 
health begins to give way. He should be 
informed fully of all the facts, and his ad- 
vice implicitly followed. Be very careful 
whom you select; many physicians will not 



To Gentlemen. 61 

treat such cases, and comparatively few un- 
derstand them, as was the case with my 
friend Dr. B. of whom I spoke a while ago. 
It is a very good thing for all healthy 
persons of whatever age to spend a few 
minutes in bed after waking, for the pur- 
pose of turning, and stretching to get the 
blood circulating properly, and let the nerv- 
ous system get fairly started in its work. 
But the very opposite course should be ta- 
ken by boys and pollutors ; when they wake 
up it is very usual for them to examine the 
virile organs, thus producing sexual excite- 
ment, which generally ends in masturba- 
tion. They should get up as soon as they 
fairly wake, and at the very beginning 
of the day banish or restrain all thoughts 
of sexual enjoyment. All such persons 
should lie on hard beds, and, if possible, 
avoid sleeping on the back. To induce pol- 
lutors and those who have nocturnal emis- 
sions to avoid lying on the back, they should 
make a knot in the middle of a long towel, 
and after placing the " knot" over the spine 
6 



62 Medical Lectures 

tie it around the loins, and keep it on all 
night. All such persons should prevent 
lecherous thoughts, especially before going 
to or while in bed. 



LECTURE SECOND. 

I pass now to the examination of results 
manifested in the genital and urinary or- 
gans. Under ordinary circumstances the 
semen is evacuated only in the sexual act, 
but in the pollutor or sensualist it is dis- 
charged to such an extent without excite- 
ment as to impair health seriously, or de- 
velop diseases which destroy life. This dis- 
charge is named Spermatorrhoea, or sperm 
flow. After a discharge of urine, evacuation 
of the bowels, riding on horseback or strain- 
ing in any way, the attention of the patient 
is arrested by a white of egg like effusion 
from the urethra which sometimes exudes 
drop by drop, or flows in a stream to the 



To Gentlemen. 63 

extent of a teaspoonful or more in a day. 
Fortunately this discharge is not always 
pure semen, but is partially from the semi- 
nal vesicles, prostrate gland and urethra, 
but still the drain is sufficient to produce in 
a few days many or all the symptoms I have 
mentioned. You will readily understand 
wKat terrible conditions may follow if you 
remember what I said of the quantity of 
blood necessary to make one ounce of this 
fluid. The sufferings of the opium eater 
are relatively nothing to the tortures of the 
sensualist; and although he is suffering a 
just punishment, it is pitiable to witness 
the gloom and agony that so frequently af- 
fect such persons. 

The bladder lies upon the rectum, or last 
bowel, for a short distance above the anus, 
and sometimes sperm discharge is occasion- 
ed by piles and other diseases of the intes- 
tine. 

Under ordinary circumstances the urine 
flows, after the discharge begins, in an un- 
interrupted stream until it is all evacuated ; 



64 Medical Lectures 

and it is not voided more than once in four 
or five hours, if so often, and a healthy 
male after he evacuates his bladder as he 
goes to bed, can lie until he gets up again, 
without disturbance from the urinary secre- 
tion. But as very few men are "healthy" 
in these organs, about four out of every ten 
experience more or less severely the trou- 
bles I shall detail presently. But first I will 
state a fact well known to properly inform- 
ed physicians, i. e., any organ or part used 
exclusively requires and receives more blood 
than is natural to it, and diseased action or 
irritation is established ; hence the medical 
maxim " where there is irritation there will 
be a flux" or increase of fluids, and as a se- 
quence diseased action will soon be establish- 
ed. In masturbators and sensualists, as a 
general thing, the flow of urine is not so 
free as in a healthy condition, and the man- 
ner of a discharge is greatly altered. The 
change to which I refer occurs so gradually 
that a patient is hardly conscious of it until 
he finds positive difficulty in urination, or 



To Gentlemen. 65 

is annoyed by the frequency of the discharge. 
When his attention is called to the matter, 
he learns he desires to make water more fre- 
quently than before, that the stream is di- 
minished in size, is more twisted than for- 
merly, or comes out in two or three streams. 
He observes too that the call to pass water 
is more urgent, although no annoyance was 
felt till a few minutes before, and that when 
he tries to evacuate the stream will not be- 
gin at once, it passes drop by drop at first, 
and gradually increases in size, until the 
hi adder, as he supposes, is emptied; but 
much to his surprise he finds when his pe- 
nis is returned to its place that there is a 
dribbling of urine, or his inclinations to dis- 
charge are so strong he must expose the or- 
gan again, and allow the few drops of re- 
tained fluid to be forced out. There 'is 
established a deposit from the blood in the 
form of a thread like constriction, (there 
may be one or more of them) a swelling on 
some part of the tube, or an elongated de- 
posit which greatly diminishes the size of 
6* E 



66 Medical Lectures 

the canal, and thus is formed Scricture of 
the Urethra. Besides the troubles I have 
mentioned, he will soon observe that more 
or less semen flows from the urethra, pro- 
ducing the distressing symptoms I referred 
to in speaking of spermatorrhoea. After 
this condition exists a longer or shorter 
time, he finds, to his great mortification, 
that when he attempts sexual connexion he 
is either unable to perform it, or he finishes 
before he hardly feels that he has com- 
menced it, and in a very short time he be- 
comes Impotent 

To his great mortification and increase 
of sufferings he will often be troubled with 
emissions of semen in his sleep, Nocturnal 
Emissions ; and very often this discharge 
occurs without the amorous sensations 
which are occasionally present. 

And all this *too before a man is thirty 
years old ; nor does his punishment cease 
here. He will be attacked with pain in the 
back, and chills resembling fever and ague, 
his urine will change in character some- 



To Gentlemen. 67 

times being very light colored, but general- 
ly dark hued, very offensive, thicker than 
natural, and when quiet a short time de- 
positing a sediment containing albumen, 
semen, purulent matter, sandy substance, or 
all combined. The bladder is rarely tho- 
roughly emptied, the constituents of the 
urine separate from each other, and gravel 
or stone in the bladder is formed. 

Beside these troubles, a stricture of the 
urethra, even not a very close one, will so 
retard the flow of urine that dilatation of 
the tube occurs behind the contracted part 
until quite a sac is formed, the stretching 
of parts bursts the lining membrane, the 
urine works its wav down between the scro- 
turn and anus, one or more swellings occur, 
orifices are formed by which matter is first 
discharged, then urine flows, continues in- 
definitely, and thus is developed Fistulce in 
Perineo ; and in a short time the poor suf- 
ferer becomes loathsome to himself and all 
the friends around him. 

During this condition, stricture, if the pa- 



68 Medical Lectures 

tient take cold, commit an excess in diet, 
or drink a few glasses of intoxicating liquor, 
he may find that he can not pass water at 
all. In such a case distressing arid danger- 
ous symptoms are soon developed, a Physi- 
cian is sent for, and he being as a rule igno- 
rant of the anatomy of the parts cannot af- 
ford relief, for medicines are generally in- 
efficient ; an operation must be performed 
which the mere practitioner of medicine is 
incompetent to attempt, a Surgeon is called 
in and after much trouble he draws the 
fluid off by a Catheter, a hollow tube; but 
frequently he fails to accomplish the evacu- 
ation, and then he must perform a punctur- 
ing or cutting operation, from which, or the 
subsequent inflammation, or nervous shock, ■ 
the patient may die. 

All the symptoms and structural changes 
that I have mentioned may be produced by 
mechanical injuries of the parts, but in a 
large majority of cases they are occasioned 
by masturbation, or excessive venery. 

If any of my youthful auditors be guilty 



To Gentlemen. 69 

of the vices I have named, I wish here to 
caution them, if they have escaped thus far, 
not to flatter themselves they will elude the 
penalties of their wickedness, unless they 
quit at once their evil courses, and devote 
themselves to virtuous conduct, and live as 
rational and responsible beings should do. 

A man aflected by any of the ills I have 
mentioned should pursue the hygienic 
course and method of living I explained a 
while ago, page 56. The special treatment 
will be both medical and mechanical. He 
should put himself at once under the care 
of a practitioner of medicine. There should 
not be any concealments, perfect frankness 
must exist between attendant and patient. 
And here, gentlemen, if you know any one 
needing medical counsel for such ailments, 
advise him to consult a Surg eon. He is al- 
ways best qualified in these cases ; he is a 
better anatomist, and should be as good a 
Therapeutist as the physician or ordinary 
practitioner of medicine can possibly be. 
Naturally, the patient will be anxious to 



70 Medical Lectures 

know how long a time will be required for 
his treatment. Sciolists and quacks will 
promise to cure in a few weeks, but no well 
informed surgeon will commit himself as to 
time ; he will pledge himself to give the pa- 
tient his best care, and help him to regain 
his health in the shortest possible period. 

From the earliest time of which we have 
any authentic record it has been known 
that men and women who indulged in pro- 
miscuous sexual intercourse were liable to 
disease of the parts, the consequences of 
which often pervaded the whole system, 
eating and destroying all the organs in its 
course, saturating the entire organization 
with such a virulent poison, that if either 
party have progeny they will be so tainted 
that they are frequently rotten, or have in 
them such diseased tendencies that their 
health is constantly impaired by some form 
of disordered action, and they become vic- 
tims of any kind of derangement they may 
be exposed to. In many cases the disease is 
of so virulent a character that the lives of 



To Geotlemen. 71 

the parties orgiually affected are speedily 
destroyed. 

This terrible curse is called Venereal Dis- 
ease. This disease is supposed by some to 
be of American origin ; but a very superfi- 
cial examination will show that it was 
known long before the discovery of this 
country. Indeed, many good historians in- 
sist that it was well known to, and described 
by Moses. As to its mode of origin we are 
equally in the dark in reference to this mat- 
ter as to many other things. There are 
many ignorant, would be philosophers, who 
readily account for all phenomena by say- 
ing the parties were dirty, and the junction 
of filthy parts evolved the infectious disease 
which has been, and is, such a terrible 
scourge to the world. Or whether we take 
the view of some that it is a direct punish- 
ment from God for the violation of his haw, 
the fact is well known that the disease pre- 
vails to an incalcuble extent, and that its 
consequences are often manifested where 
they are rarely suspected. In no case proba- 



72 Medical Lectures 

bly is the saying of Scripture " that the sins 
of the father shall he visited upon the child- 
ren to the third and fourth generation," so 
fearfully manifested as by the phenomena 
of this malady. 

Venereal disease is manifested in two 
forms. In the first variety the irritation is 
usually confined to the affected organs and 
contiguous parts, and generally there are 
few indications of poisoning of the system. 
or constitutional disturbance. This "first 
variety" or "form" is called Gonorrhoea, or 
Clap. The second kind of disease is naxjied 
Syphilis , or Pox. Both varieties of the dis- 
ease are infectious, or communicable by the 
application of the viris to a susceptible part. 
I do not think either of them contagious, or 
that they can be contracted through the 
air, or from the effluvia of an affected per- 
son. Nor do I believe that the poison of 
clap will produce pox, or vice versa ; but I 
do know that the diseases are often present 
in the same individual at one time. 

I will now describe the manner in which 



To Gentlemen. 73 

clap is manifested, and the course it gene- 
rally pursues. In from one day to three 
weeks after a man has had improper sexual 
intercourse, (and by this I mean connexion 
with any other woman than his wife,) he 
will observe a trouble about the end of the 
penis ; it feels larger and a little more ten- 
der than usual. An examination shows 
that the lips of the urethra are slightly 
swollen, and redder than natural. After 
some hours, or a few days, he will have 
more frequent calls to urinate than before ; 
the urine will flow in a small stream, and 
the discharge will be accompanied by the 
most intense burning pain, and in some in- 
stances small quantities of blood will pass at 
each time of evacuation- After a day or 
two, in most cases, a whitish discharge will 
occur, and the Ardor Urine, or heat ofj 
urine will gradually diminish. This condi- 
tion may continue from one to two weeks, 
and while it lasts there may be symptoms 
of fever, or other signs of constitutional dis- 
turbance, indicated by pain in the back, 
7 



74 Medical Lectures 

headache, bad taste in the mouth, and slight 
chills. During the night the patient will 
frequently be wakened up by painful erec- 
tions of the penis ; this is Chordee. The or- 
gan is sometimes bent downwards like a 
bow, at other times it is drawn to one side. 
This state of things indicates great excite- 
ment or inflammation of the urethra. Af- 
ter a short time the discharge changes from 
a " whitish" to a yellow color. It resembles 
thick cream, and is called Pus. During the 
preceding stage if the prepuce be long it 
often becomes so swollen that it can not be 
retracted to expose the head of the penis, 
and thus is developed Phimosis. Sometin>es 
when the covering is drawn back, it being 
unnaturally contracted, the head of the penis 
swells and the skin cannot be brought for- 
ward, and a very dangerous condition 
named Paraphymosis is manifested. 

Although the "ardor urinse" maj" dimin- 
ish in the second stage it does not always 
subside, but continues more or less through 
the whole course of the disease. Sometime 



To Gentlemen. 75 

after the discharge of matter is fully estab- 
lished, slight pain occurs in one of the testi- 
cles, accompanied by a dragging, disagree- 
able sensation in the groins, extending up 
to the back. The " discharge" diminishes, 
and may quit entirely ; the patient flatters 
himself he is well or nearly so, but in the 
meantime the testicle increases in size, gets 
very heavy, and is exquisitely painful, de- 
veloping the disease known as Orchitis, In- 
flammation of the Testicle, or Hernia Hu- 
moralis. In many cases signs of severe con- 
stitutional disturbance show themselves, 
such as chills followed by hot sensations, 
severe pain in the back, headache, nausea, 
and loss of appetite, ending in a perfect at- 
tack of fever. Gradually the disturbance 
ceases in the testicle first affected, a com- 
parative quiet of a day or two follows, and 
then the same symptoms appear from de- 
rangement of the other testicle. Under 
proper treatment these evidences of diseased 
action generally disappear in from six to 
fourteen days ; but I have known them to 



76 Medical Lectures 

remain much longer, and to end in suppu- 
ration and entire destruction of the testicle. 
While this disease of the testicles continues 
the patient generally congratulates himself 
that his gonorrhoea is gone, but to his cha- 
grin he discovers that as the " orchitis" goes 
away the discharge from his urethra re- 
appears, and, he finds that like Monsieur 
Tonson, his friend has come back again. 
About this time he may have a swelling in 
his groin, Sympathetic Bubo, although this 
is more likely to occur at an earlier stage ; 
pains will be manifested in his joints, accom- 
panied by stiffness and swelling — he has 
Gonorrheal Hheumatism ; or sometimes a 
rash of red pimples will show itself over 
many parts of the surface of the body, and 
this is called Gonorrhoea!, Hash. 

During this time the frequent desire to 
urinate will pass away, and the burning in 
the evacuation disappear, but the purulent 
discharge is still present, although gradual* 
ly diminishing until it ceases entirely. 

If the patient live properly, do not rashly 



To Gentlemen. 77 

expose himself, and be strictly temperate 
and virtuous, he will soon find himself en- 
tirely well ; but if he commit a venereal or 
bacchanalian impropriety his disease is like- 
ly to re-appear, and he be subjected to all 
the pains and penalties he had previously 
undergone. Even after a man seems entire- 
ly recovered, he has, in many cases, a slimy 
discharge from his urethra which is called 
Chronic Gonorrhoea, or Gleet This some- 
times continues for months as a mere con- 
sequence of the previous clap, but all expe- 
rienced surgeons know that it is more gen- 
erally an evidence of stricture of the urethra. 
I refer you to my remarks on this condi- 
tion. 

Gonorrhoea is a painful, filthy, and some- 
times dangerous condition, and it is very 
natural the patient desires to get clear of it 
in the shortest possible time ; but here he 
finds a great difficulty ; there is no knowing 
how long it will last. In the whole course 
of a phj'sician's practice there are rarely as 
many difficulties presented in the treatment 



78 Medical Lectures 

of any case as in the management of clap. 
In nearly every instance the presence of the 
disease must be concealed from the friends 
and family of the patient, and, in many 
cases to prevent detection, he is forced to go 
out, and attend to the duties of his vocation, 
while to accomplish a quick return to health 
he should be confined to bed for some days. 
Hence the dilemma of a truthful surgeon 
when asked by a patient how long a time 
will pass before he gets well. I have treat- 
ed venereal diseases for forty-five years. 
Often I have had fifty patients at a time 
under my care, and I cannot yet say how 
soon a patient will get well of clap. Often- 
times I have seen the disease go away, and 
the patient continue well, after a treatment 
of from one to seven days. In the manage- 
ment of such cases a cure is not always 
effected when the discharge is stopped, or 
the running arrested. The patient should 
employ an honest man, and good surgeon, 
trust him implicitly, follow his directions, 
and be satisfied that he will be well and 



To Gentlemen. 79 

safely cured in the shortest possible time. 
The average period of treatment in Gonor- 
rhoea is six to eight weeks. 

I have said that Gonorrhoea follows im- 
proper sexual intercourse, but there are 
other causes which produce diseases very 
similar to this condition, that may occur in 
the most virtuous people, and the presence 

of which often destrovs the confidence of 

t/ 

husband or wife in the chastity of the other. 
I have spoken of the elongated prepuce 
generally found in boys, and which some- 
times continues through life, and suggested 
circumcision as the remedy. The secretion 
from the glands of Tyson occasionally pro- 
duces such irritation that purulent matter 
is formed in large quantities, the part swells, 
trouble in urination comes on, and many of 
the symptoms of clap are developed ; this 
condition is called Blenorrhoea. Although 
it is doubtful whether such discharge would 
inoculate or poison a sound person, it is cer- 
tain that great annoyance is produced, and, 
if a man be married it will be almost im- 



80 Medical Lectures 

possible for him to convince his wife that 
he has not been incontinent. If a man have 
connexion with a woman just before, imme- 
diately after, or during her monthly dis- 
charge, he may be so contaminated that he 
will suffer from a disease presenting all the 
phenomena of virulent Gonorrhoea. Here 
is another exemplification of punishment 
following; a violation of nature's laws. I do 
not assert that all men who have inter- 
course with menstruous women will be af- 
flicted in this way, but I do allege that such 
consequences are sufficiently frequent to 
make men abstain at such times, if they 
wish to avoid personal suffering, and keep 
clear of the trouble that will be sure to fol- 
low from the complaints of their " better 
halves." 

"Women w r ho are not as particular as they 
should be in keeping the generative organs 
in a perfectly clean condition, and others 
who suffer with irritation of the bladder, 
falling of the womb, or piles, are liable to a 
very troublesome disease called Leucorrhoea, 



To Gentlemen. 81 

or Whites. This discharge is sometimes of 
so acrid a character that the patient suffers 
severely, and in many cases it is almost im- 
possible to determine whether the disease be 
Leucorrhcea or Gonorrhoea. But though I 
know that in most of these'cases the woman 
is entirely virtuous, the husband may con- 
tract such disease from her that it is almost 
impossible to convince him that she has 
been true to her marital vows. 

From my previous remarks I think you 
are satisfied that no one can positively say 
how long a time must pass before a Gonor- 
rhoea will get well or " run itself out." 
Many years ago I attended a man with 
severe clap who was entirely well after 
forty -eight hours treatment. I have seen 
many, get well in a week, but generally a 
longer time is required to attain a satisfac- 
tory result. I know that many persons call- 
ing themselves doctors advertise that they 
treated thousands of cases with unerring 
certainty, and that they always cure in a 
few days. Beware of such pretenders, some 



82 Medical Lectures 

of the worst cases I have ever seen have 
come from under the care of such people. 
Be careful how you use the prescriptions of 
friends, and others who have had the dis- 
ease and were speedily cured by a remedy 
compounded by a physician, and which 
never fails. There is no specific for Gonor- 
rhoea; nor are injections any more sure, 
although they are often used with great ad- 
vantage, they are frequently more danger- 
ous than internal medicines. They may dry 
up the discharge, but their use leaves a 
diseased condition which is frequently fol- 
lowed by stricture and other dangerous 
conditions. I might spend much time in the 
account of terrible cases I have seen as 
results of the malpractice to which I have 
referred, but I think I have said enough to 
warn you of the danger of tampering with 
this disease. 

Until the patient secures the treatment 
of a good practitioner, he should keep as 
quiet as possible, live on mild diet, take 
some gentle saline medicine, wash the parts, 



To Gentlemen. 83 

wrap the organ with a strip of muslin that 
has been saturated with water of ordinary 
temperature, sling it in such a way as to 
keep the head elevated. He should not use , 
strings or ligatures, unless very loosely ap- 
plied, around the parts. 

It is said that " an ounce of prevention is 
better than a pound of cure," and, fortu- 
nately for men that will go astray they may 
generally avoid the penalty, by proper clean- 
liness and certain medical applications. 

The second form of venereal disease, Sy- 
philis, or Pox, shows itself in different ways, 
and hence medical men usually speak of it 
as ^primary, secondary, and tertiary. The first, 
primary, generally shows itself within a few 
days after the contaminating connexion, 
although it may not be evolved for three or 
four weeks. A slight uneasiness is gene- 
rally felt in the head or fore-skin covering 
of the organ, which leads to examination? 
and then may be found a small red pimple, 
like a flea-bite. This- gradually enlarges, 
the Dase hardens, while the apex becomes 



84 Medical" Lectures. 

white and soft ; after a while the top breaks, 
a little matter is discharged, an ulcer is 
formed, the centre of which is dug out, 
while the margins form a hard ring ; the 
base of the sore is firm ; the whole thing 
may not be larger than half a common pea. 
This is called a True, Indurated Chancre, or 
venereal sore. There may be more than 
one chancre, and there is no definite local- 
ity — they show themselves on the prepuce, 
head, or body of the organ, the mons vene- 
rus, the scrotum, and indeed, in any place 
where the virus is applied. 

In some instances instead of appearing as 
a "pimple" the disease begins like a scratch, 
or abrasion, and men, especially married 
men, say they are chafed. This u scratch" 
gradually enlarges, and may pass around the 
part affected ; this is Soft Chancre, or non- 
indurated sore. Occasionally the sore rapid- 
ly enlarges, dark colored or black spots are 
formed, the parts are very much inflamed, 
pieces are soon eaten away and drop off; 
this is the Sloughing Ulcer. Ignorant prac- 



To Gentlemen 85 

titioners and quacks to humbug patients, 
and to show their own importance, gravely 
assure their patient he has Black, or French 
Pox, and it is fortunate he had him for his 
attendant. In another phase of this disease 
it will be observed that while the sore seems 
to heal at one end it will gradually extend 
at the other, and go on until it eats away a 
great extent of the organ. This is called 
the Phagedenic Ulcer. The sloughing sore, 
and this variety are more frequently accom 
panied by signs of constitutional disturb- 
ance of immediate kind, than are the others 
I have described. 

So far the forms of disease I have referred 
to may be considered as local, and can gene- 
eally be cured, if properly managed, in from 
two to six weeks, and without subsequent 
constitutional contamination ; but the pa- 
tient should be told plainly this is not al- 
ways the case ; there is constant risk. Un- 
der the best management failures occur ; no 
doctor can guarantee a cure in any given 
8 



86 Medical Lectures 

time, and none but a quack or ignorant pre- 
tender will assume to do so. 

Soon after the manifestion of the symp- 
toms I have detailed, more or less inflamma- 
tion occurs in the affected part, and a pain- 
ful red line passes from it to the groin, 
where inflammation of one or more glands 
occurs. If this happen early in the disease, 
while there is inflammation in or about the 
sore, the swelling is called Sympathetic Bu~ 
60, an effect of irritation such as may follow 
an injury, from any cause, of the limb be- 
low. But if the disease have existed some 
days, and a bubo occurs, it shows that the 
poison is entering the system, and is the 
first evidence of constitutional contamina- 
tion. In many cases this swelling can be so 
treated that it will disappear without injury 
to the system ; but in other instances the 
inflammation or virulence is so great that 
suppuration occurs, and a troublesome ulcer 
is left. 

During the progress of the primary symp- 
toms, or after they have disappeared, and 



To Gentlemen* &7 

the patient flatters himself he is well, other 
phenomena are evolved constituting second- 
ary symptoms. These may not show for 
several weeks after entire recovery seems to 
have been effected. The attention of the 
patient is attracted to his throat by a sen- 
sation of trifling soreness, and a little diffi- 
culty of swallowing ; an examination shows 
great engorgement, and inflammation pre- 
senting a peculiar copperish-red appearance; 
and very often there are seen ulcers, similar 
to the primary sores, upon the uvula or 
some other part of the soft palate. If suc- 
cessful treatment be not adopted speedily, 
the disease may eat away the parts affected, 
impairing the power of enunciation. From 
the throat it passes to the hard palate, rot- 
ting away the membrane and bones there 
found, it reaches into the nose and upper 
jaw bones, and continues its ravages until 
these give way ; thence it goes to the front, 
it attacks the nose, and corrodes away un- 
til it destroys this organ, and produces an 
unsightly and disgusting appearance." Dur- 



88 Medical Lectures 

ing this time so noisome an odor emanates 
from the patient, that he is loathsome to 
himself and those around him ; or the dis- 
ease may pass downwards into the wind- 
pipe; then the voice changes, becoming 
hoarse and rough, and is sometimes almost, 
if not wholly, lost, so that the poor fellow 
can only speak in whispers. Ulceration 
soon follows, cough comes on, blood is spat 
up, appetite diminishes, emaciation and hec- 
tic fever soon follow, and in a short time he 
dies of what is called Galloping Consump- 
tion. 

During these symptoms, or after they 
have subsided, reddish pimples show them- 
selves about the roots of the hair, and 
thence extending gradually, cover the whole 
body. Sometimes the eruption comes out 
in copper colored blotches, or crusty or 
horny formations. It presents different ap- 
pearances, but in all cases it is a very un- 
pleasant manifestation. 

Many months are likely to pass before 
the patient gets clear of these secondary 



To Gentlemen. 89 

symptoms, if they are cured at all, and there 
is still great reason, to fear he must pass 
through another and more tedious ordeal. 
Towards the end of the secondary stage, or 
even weeks or months after he seems to be 
well, he will be attacked w r ith severe pain 
in the shin, or in some bone superficially 
placed. This "pain" generally wakes him 
after midnight, continues several hours, and 
sometimes almost entirely disappears during 
the day. The affected part inflames, in- 
creases in size, and becomes very heavy. A 
special enlargement is seen about the mid- 
dle of the aflected part ; this is called a Node, 
or venereal swelling, and thus the Tertiary 
stage is fully evolved. The disease passes 
along the bone, and when the ends are 
reached they gradually rot away, and the 
joints are destroyed, so that if he recovers 
he is crippled for life ; or in lighter cases he 
suffers from some pain in the bones or joints, 
and has what is named Venereal Rheuma- 
tism. In almost all cases, after secondary 
or tertiary symptoms are developed, the 
8* 



90 Medical Lectures 

system is so poisoned that if he become a 
father he transmits to. his offspring some 
taint or diseased tendency which renders 
the child delicate and so fragile that its life 
gives way under causes which in proper de- 
velopment would produce little or no effect. 
I do not say that symptons of pox, strictly 
speaking, are manifested in the progeny, 
but I do most positively assert that the seeds 
of many diseases which occasion early death 
are transmitted by the father, mother, or 
some other ancestor. I am perfectly satis- 
fied, after the study and extended observa- 
tion of nearly fifty years, that more diseases 
are devoloped, and more morbid tendencies 
transmitted, as consequences of improper 
use of the sexual organs, than from any 
other cause with which we are acquainted. 
Can syphilis be prevented while improper 
sexual intercourse is practised ? I answer, 
yes, by cleanliness, and the use of such med- 
ical preventive as the well informed Sur- 
geon will explain. Every one knows that 
under proper management the primary 



To Gentlemen. 91 

symptoms are readily controlled, and may 
be recovered from in a few days or weeks. 
But in all cases of either Gonorrhoea or Sy- 
philis, the disease seems cured while it is in 
abeyance, and may readily be re-developed ; 
hence the patient should continue a virtu- 
ous, temperate life, and use his medicines 
for weeks or months after all symptoms 
have subsided. This advice is specially and 
forcibly applicable in all cases of pox. As 
I have explained, there are various forms 
of syphilis. One stage may be followed by 
another, and another, until all have been 
passed, or the life of the patient is destroy- 
ed. It is not true that one form shows it- 
self before the preceding one is gone. Ex- 
perience has taught us many of the tricks 
of this disease, but we cannot explain why 
after weeks or months have passed and the 
patient is apparently well, new symptoms 
should show themselves and continue for 
months, years, or through life. All I say is 
these are the phenomena of the disease. I 
am often asked is secondary or tertiary sy- 



92 Medical Lectures 

philis curable, or do patients ever recover 
fully. I answer positively, yes, they are 
" curable," and patients do " recover" from 
either or both conditions. During my long 
practice I have frequently treated from fifty 
to one hundred venereal patients in a week, 
and although I'have seen some die in a few 
months after the first manifestation, I know 
I have seen many recover from all varieties 
of this disease, and live for years in seeming 
good health and procreate robust children ; 
still it is equally true many were mutilated, 
or never recovered some of their functions. 
There are many diseases resembling pox 
that are not at all syphilitic. Where clean- 
liness is not practised the secretion from the 
glands of Tyson besides producing the dis- 
ease I have spoken of as Blenorrhoea, some- 
times is so acrid as to occasion an ulceration 
closely resembling chancre. Occasionally a 
tettery condition which is as hard to treat 
as true venereal disease is manifested, and 
may continue for months. The improper 
use of mercury is occasionally followed by 



To Gentlemen. 93 

symptoms which closely resemble those of 
venereal. These affections are called Pseudo, 
or False Syphilis. 

There are several diseases of the urinary 
and reproducing organs of which I shall 
speak hereafter. These are B right's Disease, 
.Diabetes, Catarrh of the Bladder, Diseases 
of the Prostrate Gland, Circocele, Variocele, 
and Hydrocele. 

I have not given you " fancy sketches" 
of the conditions to which I have referred. 
I have given you but one definition from a 
professional book. I have not copied a sin- 
gle statement from any written or printed 
medical work ; I have not quoted anything ; 
although I shall give you an extract pre- 
sently. I have seen and treated much more 
than X have told you. All my statements 
are based upon my own experience, and you 
are all aware that I have seen and taught 
enough about these things to have acquired 
some character as authority upon all the 
subjects I have adverted to. I advise pa- 
tients with syphilis to pursue the same hy- 



94 Medical Lectures 

gienic treatment, aud recourse to surgical 
management that I mentioned when speak- 
ing of Gonorrhoea. I have avoided recom- 
mendations of medicines, for, as I think, 
the very best reason, viz., you would be 
more injured than benefitted by such ad- 
vice. Go to a good Doctor, do exactly as 
he directs you — he is the means, under 
Providence, to cure you. I say avoid quacks 
and pretenders. I am aware that many 
physicians do not know how, or will not 
treat these cases ; but there are qualified 
practitioners w 7 ho attend them. It is not 
necessary that I speak of other than myself. 
For forty years in my teachings and prac- 
tice I have made a specialty of the treatment 
of polluters, sensualists, those suffering from 
affections of the kidneys and bladder, strict- 
ure of the urethra, and all forms of venereal 
disease. I devote six hours every day, ex- 
cept Sunda}% from three o'clock to eight 
o'clock, p. m., to the particular management 
of these cases, either from personal applica- 
tions or written communications. From 



To Gentlemen. 95 

ten o'clock, a. m., to three o'clock, p. m., I 

attend to general cases. I know that the 
pledge charlatans make they will not use 
copaiva or mercury in the treatment of these 
diseases, and the parade of administering to 
thousands who have been given up by 
" other Doctors," and that they are the pro- 
per resort after all other means fail, induce 
many unwary persons to put themselves 
under the care of these Quacks and ignorant 
pretenders. But I am glad to say the time 
has come when well informed physicians 
are shaking off the fears of loosing caste, &c, 
that have heretofore prevented them an- 
nouncing and properly advertising that they 
will treat such diseases. 

One of my former students, a classical 
scholar, thoroughly versed in medicine, a 
practitioner of thirty years, my friend H. J. 
Brown, A. M., M*D., formerly of this city, 
and now of Detroit, Michigan, has lately 
published a work on a Criminal Abortion," 
in which he gives such remarks as I think 
exactly appropriate, and which so thorough- 



96 Medical Lectukes 

ly accord with my own sentiments on this 
subject, that I give you a long extract from 
his book : 

" The better portion of the profession may 
look with contempt upon these quacks, and 
be content to denounce them as imposters 
and knaves, but they do so in vain ; they 
have become too formidable for any 
such means to disturb them. They are in- 
directly protected by law, they derive im- 
mense revenues from their practice, and a 
depraved public opinion sustains them ; they 
can well afford to laugh at such attempts 
to destroy them. 

Reputable Physicians must openly treat Sex- 
ual Diseases as a specialty. A child may see 
that the evil will continue until good and 
true medical men devote themselves exclu- 
sively and openly to the* treatment of all 
forms of sexual disorders. This is the pro- 
fessional Rubicon that must first be passed. 

Argue the matter as you will, so long as 
good men stand aloof, rougish quacks will 



To Gentlemen- 97 

continue to exert their demoralising power 
over society. The profession must therefore 
be committed to a special, open, practical 
business antagonism to this form of quack- 
ery. Duty and humanity alike demand that 
the very best men in the profession should 
take hold of the matter openly and above 
board, with a firm and manly grasp. The 
London Lancet, in reviewing Acton's book 
on the reproductive system, says, 4 The only 
way by which some of the most important 
functional ailments and aberrant physiolo- 
gic states afflicting humanity can be rescued 
from the grasp of the most disgusting and 
villainous quackery, and treated with ben- 
efit to the patient, is by scientific and con- 
scientious practitioners openly taking them 
under their own charge.' Another medical 
writer says, 4 Until the monster quackery is 
seized by the throat and hurled from his 
throne, ascended and held by force of bra- 
zen impudence and popular advertising, by 
responsible medical men in each community 
who will devote themselves publicly and 
9 G 



98 Medical Lectures 

especially to the treatment of sexual dis- 
ual diseases, we cannot hope to be delivered 
from the manifold and terrible evils which 
beset society from this cause, among which 
not the least is the prevalent crime of foeti- 
cide ' 

" The difficulties in the way. This is a very 
bold stand ; but it is a very sacred mission. 
Many reputable physicians are very reluc- 
tant about becoming identified publicly 
with the treatment of impure diseases, not 
because they fear that public opinion might 
associate them with this tribe of medical 
Ishmaelites, the venereal quacks. But this 
could not occur with the thinking and 
really moral public ; only with the portion 
of it whose opinion is characteristically in- 
consistent, fitful and worthless. And shall 
a badly educated public opinion, which 
might venture to trace some approval of the 
sin of the patient in the professional ser- 
vices rendered, deter a man of purity and 
courage from discharging an imperative 
and obvious duty to society ? For the same 



To Gentlemen. 99 

reason no physician of reputation could at- 
tend the diseases induced by intemperance 
and other like causes, without similar im- 
plication. 

"The odium of an act often consists in the 
way in which it is done, and this is of that 
kind. Acton, of London, is esteemed no 

less a gentleman and surgeon because he 
makes the treatment of sexual diseases a 
specialty. And whose medical opinions are 
quoted with greater confidence, and whose 
memoiy more revered than Hunter's, the 
father of venereal surgery in England ? Ri- 
cord and Cullerier, devoted to the same spe- 
cialty, are princes among the surgeons of 
Paris, and magnates of the city ; so is Sig- 
mund, of Vienna. It maybe hinted that 
this will do in Europe, but not in America. 
But why ? Are they less moral there than 
here ? Alas for the truth ! I know we are 
accustomed to think of Paris as the most 
iniquitous city on earth ; but the fact is un- 
deniable that to-day New York is before 
Paris in this particular ; and the smaller 



100 Medical Lectures 

towns of France suffer nothing, nay gain 
much, in comparisen with the interior towns 
of America. Foeticide is less prevalent in 
Europe than in the United States, especially 
in those portions of it in which foundling 
institutions exist. The damage to society 
arising from syphilis is not so great in Ham- 
burg, Vienna, or Paris, as in the large cities 
of our own country. The explanation is 
found in the fact that the most eminent 
medical men of the nation are in open 
charge of this branch of practice and con- 
trol it, and that they exert a paramount in- 
fluence in the organization of foundling 
homes and venereal hospitals. 

u Acting upon the wholesome maxim that 
an evil which cannot be absolutely abated 
should be controlled, they seize hold of it 
with a bold and steady arm. "We place no 
restraint upon disease and make no provi- 
sion for those who fall into temptation, lest 
we forsooth abet vice and license crime! 
How much better that we should receive 
the instruction which the larger experience 



To Gentlemen. 101 

of the older nations of the world furnishes, 
and promptly adopt its better way of deal- 
ing with a prevalent vice, and restraining 
the ravages of a terrible disease. 

"But it must not be forgotten that this 
branch of practice is by no means confined 
to the treatment of impure disease, nor of 
patients who have contracted them in a 
blameworthy way. Many sexual disorders 
are due to ignorance and misfortune. This 
is true of sufferers from excesses of the mar- 
riage bed ignorantly indulged in ; of the in- 
nocent wife afflicted by the embraces of a 
truant and diseased husband; of the sub- 
jects of masturbation taught it in youth 
and not aware of its ruinous effects ; and of 
that very large class of sufferers from hered- 
itary syphilis. Again, many of the disor- 
ders of the sexual svstem are due to other 
causes than impure disease or polluting ha- 
bits — to colds, to local injuries, to other or- 
ganic injuries, and general bad health. Dis- 
orders of the sexual system arising in this 
blameless way alone are very numerous. — 
9* 



102 Medical Lectures 

ISTow, shall this class of innocent sufferers 
be abandoned to the quacks? Can there be 
a more honorable calling than that of min- 
istering to the wants of such victims of mis- 
fortune and disease? But why abandon the 
guilty, even the guiltiest, to the quack, and 
treat them as exiles from humanity, given 
over and sealed to irretrievable infamy and 
ruin ? Did not Jesus heal Mary Magdelene? 
Did he not declare that Publicans and Har- 
lots should enter into the kingdom of Hea- 
ven before the Pharisees and great men? 
Which means that Publicans who sinned 
above board, and Harlots who sinned by 
profession, guilty as they were, were never- 
theless proper subjects of his mission ; and 
w r hen they desired to be healed, were more 
deserving of his compassion, and had better 
hope of his forgiveness, than the hypocriti- 
cal aristocracy who committed all the crimes 
of the Publicans and Harlots in secret, and 
covered them over with long prayers and a 
show of alms-giving in public. By what 
authority then can the physician of the se- 



To Gentlemen. 103 

verest morality stand aloof from such suf- 
ferers? Morality is a code of laws for the 
instruction and reformation of the guilty. 
Human salvation itself is based upon the 
fact that the world which it would save is 
guilty. Who then shall cast the first stone? 
Jesus with the Magdelene demonstrated the 
practical operation of the gospel ; as its Great 
Physician, he stood to the lowest in moral 
health. Medicine is a system of humanity 
working under the gospel ; its portals then 
must be thrown widely open that every 
form of disease may enter ; and he only is 
the Good Samaritan-Physician who asks no 
unnecessary questions, but hastens to pour 
into the wounds of the suffering the oil and 
wine of his benign profession ! 

" How the Venereal Quacks have gained 
their place of power. It being settled then, 
that there is really no grave difficulty in the 
way of good men publicly devoting them- 
selves to the treatment of sexual diseases, 
that they in point of fact, find an impera- 
tive duty devolving upon them, and a wide 



104 Medical Lectures 

field for honorable service opened to them, 
(a field almost unequalled for the exercise 
of humanity,) the question arises as to how, 
in a business point of view, these quacks 
may be deposed from their place of power 
over tempted women. A word in regard 
to the way in which they gained that power 
may help us. A few physicians, (happily 
very few) righteous over much, declined 
sexual practice for the reason that being a 
transgressor he deserves no aid of medicine 
or human sympathy. Other physicians, (a 
much larger class) anxious to derive a libe- 
ral revenue therefrom, exerted themselves 
especially to obtain patients of this kind 
and treat them under cover, lest the business 
might prejudice other departments of prac- 
tice. When, from whatever cause, legiti- 
mate sources of cure were closed or veiled, 
the victims of disease would naturally be at- 
tracted by the open solicitations of those 
who sought such patients. This was the 
auspicious opportunity for unscrupulous ad- 
venturers, and the venereal quacks quick to 



To Gentlemen. 105 

discover the advantage, came boldly before 
the public by extensive and persistent ad- 
vertising, and secured attention and patron- 
age. In their intercourse with society, some 
physicians have shown so much bad temper 
in the defence of what they deemed legiti- 
mate practice, done so much to excite the 
suspicions, and so little to enlighten* the 
judgment of the masses, in the bewilder- 
ment of a predominating confusion and dis- 
trust, the people largely sought refuge in 
quackery. Others have been busy with 
medical ethics, some of the rules of which 
are but illy calculated to promote a harmo- 
ny among the members of the profession, 
defend the suffering from quackery, or com- 
mand the respect and confidence of the pub- 
lic. Whilst then some have been practising 
phariseeism, and. others duplicity, and still 
others wasting their time and temper in 
fruitless debates about " pathies" and im- 
practicable ethics, these shrewd quacks have 
been energetically using the various forms 
of successful advertising, and have come to 



106 Medical Lectures 

occupy the places which rightfully belong 
to other men. 

" Physicians must Advertise. From the 
foregoing we may understand the secret of 
successful quackery ; the quack lives by ad- 
vertising: especially by seizing auspicious 
opportunities. Let the man of education ad- 
vertise too, and the quack will be more than 
matched in his strong hold ; for he will have 
skill, education and character against him. 
Let him advertise as extensively as does the 
quack — by the newspapers, by pamphlets, 
and small books, in short by whatever forms 
are known to be most successful. For each 
physician to exert a silent influence against 
the evil in the discharge of the duties of 
private practice, is to do but little of the 
very much that needs to be done. All good 
physicians have been doing this for years, 
but quackery and foeticide have assumed a 
magnitude which makes every virtuous 
member of society stand aghast. The quack 
has the start of the regular physician. One 
advertising quack is more extensively 



To Gentlemen. 107 

known than any three of the best medical 
men in the state taken together, and will 
do more harm in a year than they can re- 
pair in a lifetime in a private way. Until 
good men are known to an equal extent as 
specialists in this particular practice, there 
can be no advantageous contact between 
the moral forces of virtuous and vicious 
practice; and between skill and incapacity. 
The quack has become strong in printer's 
ink, and so must the regular physician be 
who would enter into successful competi- 
tion. The evil has become a public one, 
and must be met by a public remedy. 

u Medical Etiquette. Public opinion will 
universally sustain this plan of general ad- 
vertising. The man of business especially 
will approve it. Medical etiquette alone 
may utter an objection. And what is medi- 
cal etiquette ? A dozen physicians in a giv- 
en community, having no authority but 
such as they assume, who by no means en- 
gross all the talent, learning and character 
of the fifty doctors who compose the pro- 



108 Medical Lecttjkes 

fession in that community, band togethet 
and call themselves a medical society, and 
;nake rules not only for their own govern- 
ment, but ungenerously attempt to foist 
them upon public attention as the authori- 
tative rules of the Medical Profession as a 
body, to which every medical man, no mat- 
ter what his qualifications, must render obe- 
dience or be denounced. This is medical 
etiquette. One of these rules is, that it is 
unprofessional to advertise, as if that were 
only suited to the more vulgar business of 
the merchant and mechanic, 

"Such societies have special advantages^ 
no doubt, and perhaps others ; but this un- 
authorized censorship over those who do not 
wish to avail themselves of whatever advan- 
tages they may possess is an assumption 
which they must cease to exercise or forfeit 
the good opinion of thinking men both in 
and out of the profession. The assurance 
of this little junto of twelve, this attempt 
rf the few to bind the many, may hold young 
loctors in terror of printer's ink, but it will 



To Gentlemen. 109 

do little more. It is entirely harmless, 
harmless in its puerility, and eminently ri- 
diculous in view of the well known fact, 
commonly acknowledged among physicians, 
that there never was a society of this kind 
that did not violate its own rules. Even the 
American Medical Association, (of which 
we were one of the founders, but have long 
since withdrawn) the most important con- 
ventional body in the country, has just fur- 
nished an instance of this in offering a prize 
for an essay on criminal abortion, for popu- 
lar circulation, and awarding to a Boston 
physician the prize for a very good and 
much needed little book. 

"It is a very happy beginning in a very 
desirable quarter ; but look at in a business 
point of view. Whatever else it may ac- 
complish, (and it will accomplish much 
else, for which the writer deserves public 
gratitude), it is the best professional adver- 
tisement that physicians could issue, and 
covers much of the very ground we are 
taking; and whatever else the association 
10 



110 Medical Lectures 

may have intended, it could not have made 
a stronger concession to the demand for 
popular medical papers and books, which 
involves the plan of general advertising. 

" Such works are needed ; but to be con- 
sistent, the society should expunge all about 
advertising; from its rules. A Medical Di- 
ploma is the highest legal and scientific au- 
thority a physician can possess in this coun- 
try. Professor Meigs says, 'I look upon 
that diploma as an authority given me by 
state commissioners, and in the name of the 
state constituting me judge, to act at my 
peril under the indications of an upright 
and enlightened conscientious judgment/ 
The instructions and privileges of such a 
document are paramount to the interdict of 
all irresponsible medical societies. How the 
holder shall become known to the public is 
simply a matter of business of which he is 
the sole judge, and advertising is not for- 
bidden, nor even discountenanced, by the 
high authority under which he acts. The 
manner in which he shall practice is left to 



To Gentlemen. Ill 

his judgment aud conscience, and he must 
stand or fall by its results as judged of by 
the people. We grant that Diplomas are 
often issued by medical schools of a low 
grade, and that incompetent persons often 
hold them, but this does not destroy their 
authoritative character. It would no doubt 
be a very important and desirable gain if 
every aspirant for the degree of M. D. either 
before or after he has attained it, and as an 
imperative condition of his right to prac- 
tice the profession of medicine should be 
obliged to pass the ordeal of examination, 
according to a very high standard of pre- 
liminary and scientific attainment, of a 
board of national examiners, constituted by 
law, who should have no pecuniary interest 
in the number of persons passed. But un- 
til such advance, or some other equivalent 
safeguard can be reached, the Diploma, 
such as it is, must remain the controlling 
charter of privilege to its holder, and- ought 
to protect him from ungenerous interference, 
and invidious distinction. 

"It then remains for medical men of ed- 



112 Medical Lectures. 

ucation and character in every community, 
to devote themselves assiduously to this 
special practice, if they would discharge an 
imperative duty of the times, and. accom- 
plish a great work ; to take a bold, open,' 
and conscientious stand against this form of 
quackery ; to meet it in every way — by ex- 
tensive newspaper advertising, by famil- 
iarly written pamphlets and books address- 
ed to the masses, explaining its tricks and 
its dangers, putting youth on their guard, 
and cautioning women; in short, by any 
and every honest and proper means promis- 
ing success. ]STo untruth should be uttered 
in their advertisements, none need be, none 
would be by men of truth, such as the 
emergency requires ; no superhuman cures 
need be guaranteed, nor certificates forged 
to prove them ; nothing need be said not 
entirely consistent with the quiet of a good 
conscience, or consonant with an unblemish- 
ed reputation. The sky of public opinion 
will soon clear, and the brightest star will 
prove to be the one which rose in the thick* 
est cloud." 



APPENDIX. 



BIOGRAPHY, 



LETTERS, RESOLUTIONS, 



AND 



TESTIMONIALS. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 



In the Boston Medical and Surgical Jour- 
nal, one of the oldest, most respectable and 
influential periodicals in the country, for 
many years past edited by J. V. C. Smith, 
M. D., formerly the efficient* Mayor of Bos- 
ton, there have appeared short biographical 
notices of some of the most prominent phy- 
sicians of the land. Among these there 
was published in vol. 47, No. 25, (Wednes- 
day, January 22d, 1851), the following 
sketch of James McClintock M. D. : 

" How curious is it that nature produces 
men, constituted intellectually, morally and 
physically, to act the part of pioneers — 

(115) 



116 Biographical Sketch. - 

squatters, both in the wilderness of this 
world at large, and in the wilds of science 
and art. And how T surely do these giants 
secure to themselves the finger of scorn and 
derision for overstepping the mark prescrib- 
ed 'by a 'just precedent. 5 How certainly 
will jealous mediocrity shrug the shoulder 
and turn up the eye in holy horror, at the 
enormities of a character which it can 
neither fathom nor imitate. 

" John McClintock, the father of James, 
emigrated from Tyrone County, Ireland, in 
the year 1807. The latter was born in Lan- 
caster County, Pennsylvania, in 1809. The 
father, in the following year, moved to 
Philadelphia, and engaged in mercantile 
pursuits, and Avas for many years success- 
ful, but in the sequel experienced the re- 
verses almost inseparable from such business 
in this country. However sweet may be 
the uses of adversty in their result, they are 
bitter in their experience. The stimilus of 
poverty, to the robust mind, has produced 



Biographical Sketch. 117 

characters which the* world has admired 
and valued ; they alone are placed upon the 
scroll of history. The countless numbers 
who have been overwhelmed, are forgotten 
or overlooked. Dr. Warren, in his Diary, 
has described the trials of a young physician 
through this fiery ordeal, this " vale of 
tears/' with an eloquence and truth that 
leave nothing to desire. The physician in a 
large city, who by his mind alone can com- 
pete with wealth and talent is no ordinary 
man. Such is the man whose sketch w y e 
now attempt. 

" James commenced the study of medicine 
in the office of Dr. John Eberle, in 1826. 
He had received a good English education, 
and possessed considerable knowledge of the 
Latin and Greek languages, with a slight 
acquaintance with the French and German. 
The medical profession was the object of his 
boyish dreams ; he would be a doctor, and 
not only that, but he would be a 4 head doc- 
tor. 5 Years before he had entered a medical 



118 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 

office, he had read medical works with avid- 
ity, and had subjected his family to various 
annoyances, .by his dissections of animals. 
His absorbing love of the profession, his 
zeal and untiring industry, made him the 
favorite of his preceptor. 

" The value of such a preceptor as Eberle 
to the active and erratic McClintock was 
great. His extensive learning, his cool judg- 
ment, and general simplicity and truthful- 
ness of character, were well calculated to 
lead the pupil to studious, systematic and 
persevering labor. After drilling him in 
the strictest medical portion of his studies, 
and giving him an opportunity to witness 
an extensive office practice, he transferred 
him to the office of Dr. George McClellan, 
to be taught the principles and practice of 
surgery. To those who knew McClellan, it 
is no slight praise to say that McClintock 
was the student of whom he was most 
proud, and his assistant in many important 
operations. 



Biographical Sketch. 119 

" During his pupilage, young McClintock 
enjoyed the advantage afforded by the prac- 
tice of the Pennsylvania Hospital and Phil- 
adelphia Almshouse Infirmary. lie attend- 
ed and practised post-obit examinations and 
dissections with the utmost ardor. He at- 
tended the first course of lectures delivered 
' in the Jefferson College, in Prune Street, in 
a 'building which the College had rented. 
He was one of the first graduates of that 
school, after its occupation of its present 
site. 

" The incorporation of Jefferson College 
formed an epoch in the history of American 
medicine. The question was agitated in 
the Legislature with a zeal and an interest 
that usually characterize partisan measures. 
Years rolled on before the profession of 
Philadelphia could be reconciled to the 
legitimacy of a second college. These pre- 
judices operated against the graduates of 
the Jefferson and other colleges, until time, 
talent, and success verified the fact that 



120 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH, 

competition in science, as in everything 
else, is the life of enterprise. From 1829 to 
1832, McOlintock assisted the adjunct pro- 
fessor in the dissecting hall, and in 1833 he 
delivered a course of Lectures on Obstetrics 
to a private class in the college. 

"In 1830 he was appointed one of the 
vaccine physicians for the city. This office 
he held until 1841. In 1832 he was attach- 
ed to one of the city cholera hospitals, and 
was on duty in the prison on the dreadful 
outbreak of cholera in August. In 1838 he 
opened a dissecting room, and commenced 
to deliver Lectures on Anatomy and Sur 
gery to the largest private classes ever col- 
lected in this country. This was due main- 
ly to his independence and great power of 
demonstrative teaching. Neither the tal- 
ented and accomplished Godman, nor the 
energetic McClellan, drew such classes to 
hear them. Avoiding all attachment or sy- 
cophancy to those who are supposed to dis- 
tribute patronage to rising merit, he boldly 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 121 

struck out a line of action for himself, and 
was successful in maintaining it. In 1839 
lie was appointed one of the attending phy- 
sicians to the Almshouse Infirmary ; w T hich 
station he filled for several years. In 1841 
he was appointed Professor of Anatomy and 
Physiology, in Castleton, Vt. ; he also lec- 
tured in Pittsfield, Mass. In 1842 he re- 
turned to Philadelphia, and re-established 
the * School of Anatomy.' This year he de- 
clined the chair of Anatomy in the "Wash- 
ington University, Baltimore. 

" He continued to lecture to large private 
classes up to 1847, when he applied for an 
act of incorporation for the ' Philadelphia 
College of Medicine,' with the same powers 
as the other schools. He had no difficulty 
in obtaining it. In every county of the 
State w r ere physicians who had been his pu- 
pils, and were his warm personal friends. 
The bill passed both houses, with a rapidity 
almost unprecedented. In the following 
summer the first session was held in the hall 
11 



122 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH, 

of the College of Pharmacy. Soon the Adel- 
phi Hall, in Fifth Street, below "Walnut, 
was purchased, and the second course was 
delivered during the winter of 1847-8 in this 
large and commodious building, where the 
faculty still teach. It will thus be seen that 
the School has two full courses annually — 
one commencing; in October and ending* in 
March, the other commencing in March and 
ending in July. Every facility for medical 
instruction which Philadelphia affords is at 
the command of this flourishing school — 
which during the last year numbered some 
two hundred and twenty pupils, and bids 
fair to improve largely in the year coming. 

"Asa lecturer Dr. McClintock is off-hand, 
extemporaneous and ready — using neither 
written lectures nor notes. He is, perhaps, 
the most happy demonstrative lecturer in 
this country, particularly in Anatomy and 
Surgery. His denominational connexion is 
with the Methodists, among whom one of 
his brothers is a distinguished preacher, 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 123 

and is also a classic author. The general 
tone of Dr. MeClintoek's character is that 
of openness and bonhommie, perhaps too 
frank for a cringing, wealth-loving commu- 
nity, who are apt to adopt Talleyrand's no- 
tion, and consider language as the means of 
concealing their thoughts. Feeling his own 
strength, he scorns the little arts of the 
weak, and hence is a mark for the imbecile, 
malicious and saintly. As an operator, he 
is firm, cautious and rapid, with full confi- 
dence in his own abilities. In his domestic 
relations he is most happy, at least in the 
Israelitish sense, having a large and amiable 
family, to which he is most affectionately 
and tenderly devoted. This beautiful trait 
of character is very winning in men of his 
energy and ambition, and contrasts finely 
with the more masculine points. As a 
friend, he is true and faithful, and will at 
any time defend those whom he respects or 
loves. Of course, as an enemy he is equally 
open, decided and manly. His is the san- 
guine temperament, with a large head cov- 



124 TESTIMONIALS. 

erecl with light curly hair, a broad chest, 
and well-built and compact frame. He is 
well calculated to endure the labors of his 
most arduous profession. 

"Long may he live, to show to young 
men without friends or fortune what can be 
done by a manly self-reliance, and an energy 
and industry which will not acknowledge 
that there is such a word as fail." 



" The following Letter was reported to the 
Philadelphia Preachers' Meeting, held June 
21st, 1869, by the Committee appointed to 
draft resolutions expressive of its apprecia- 
tion of Dr. McClintock's Lecture on the 
Human Voice, wdiich was unanimously 

adopted. 

Nathan B. Durell, Secretary. 

Prof James McClintockj M.D. 
Dear Sir: • 

"We take pleasure in saying 
that we listened to your learned, yet wisely 



. TESTIMONIALS. 125 

popularised Lecture on Monday, the 14th 
inst., with delight, and we trust with profit. 
Your evident familiarity with the subject 
so ably handled gives us the assurance of 
correctness in such statements as you had 
not time fully to illustrate. 

Accept our thanks, dear sir, with the as- 
surance of our best wishes and earnest pray- 
ers for your present and eternal welfare. 

Isaac Mast, 
John Ruth, 
S. W. Thomas, 
M. H. Sisty, 

Committee/* 



" Philadelphia, May 1th, 1869. 
Pbof. James McClintock, M. D. 
Dear Si7* : 

Having learned that you 
have obtained from Dr. Auzoux, of Paris, 
a large collection of Models and other Pre- 
parations, with the intention of giving pop- 
ular Lectures on Anatomy, Physiology, &c, 
11* 



126 TESTIMONIALS. 

and believing that such information as yon 
can impart will be beneficial to our fellow- 
citizens, request you to give a course in our 
city, at as early a day as may be convenient 
to you. 

We are, respectfully, 

Yours, &c, 
Henry D. Moore, Collector of the Port, 
Gen. Henry H. Bingham, Post Master, 
Hon. James Pollock, Ex-Governor of 
Pennsylvania, and Director of the XL 
S. Mint, 
Hon. Daniel M. Fox, Mayor of Philada. 
Hon. Morton McMichael, Ex-Mayor 

of Philadelphia, 
Hon. Alexander Henry, Ex-Mayor of 

Philadelphia, 
Hon. Richard Vaux, Ex-Mayor of Phil- 
adelphia, 
Gen. Hector Tyndale, 
Thomas S. Smith, Esq., former Collector 

of the Port, 
William Devine, Esq., Manufacturer, 
Hon. Samuel J. Randall, M. C. first 
district, Pennsylvania, 



TESTIMONIALS. . 127 

Gen. J. T. Owen, Recorder of Deeds, 
C. A. Walborn, Esq., Ex-Post Master, 
John R. Read, Esq. 
Gen. Peter Lyle, Sheriff of Philadelphia, 
W. J. Mullen, Esq., Prison Agent, 
J. R. Burden, M. D., formerly Speaker 
of the Senate of Pennsylvania. 



"To the Editor of the Daily State Gazette. 

Trenton, iV*. J"., September 10, 1869. 
In view of the course of Lectures on Phi- 
siology, &c, soon to be delivered in this city 
by Professor James McClintock, of Phila- 
delphia, I beg to say to the citizens of Tren- 
ton, and to all others to whom it may con- 
cern, that having listened to Medical Lec- 
tures from Professors connected with Col- 
leges in the cities of New York, Philadel- 
phia, Cincinnati, St. Louis, and Paris, and 
having heard many lectures by Professor 
McClintock, I am free to sav that the latter 
can and does impart more instruction in a 






128 TESTIMONIALS. 

given time than any Medical Lecturer to 
whom I ever listened. I recommend every- 
body to attend his Lectures. 

J. E. Freese, M. D." 



From the Journal and Statesman. 

Wilmington, Del,, Friday, October 8th, 1869. 

Dr. McClintock's Lecture. — The follow- 
ing correspondence explains itself: 

Wilmington, Sept. 30th, 1869. 
James MeClintock, M. D. 

Dear Doctor :— We have heard of the 
interest of your popular course of Lectures 
on the Science of Life, the art of preserving 
health, &c. The people need, and very ma- 
ny desire, increased intelligence on these 
practical subjects. Believing that you have 
the ability and taste to unfold these themes 
appropriately, and, concerned for the im- 
provement and advantage of the communi- 
ty, of which we constitute a part, we invite 
you to fix an early day, for the delivery of 



TESTIMONIALS. 129 

your useful course of Lectures in our city 

of Wilmington. 

Rev. Alfred Cookman, 
Charles B. Shaw Esq. 
Hon. Charles B. Lore, 
Rev. G. W. Folwell, 
Rev. W. H. H. Marsh, 
Rev. Samuel L. Gracey, 
Rev. J. F. Clymer. 



From the Lancaster Intelligencer. 

Monday Evening, January 'drd, 1870. 

" A Great Lecturer. — Dr. James McClin- 
tock delivered bis last Lecture on Sat- 
urday evening to an audience composed 
solely of gentlemen. His manner of hand- 
ling the important subjects treated of in a 
special Lecture was most appropriate and 
worthy of all commendation. It is a rare 
thing that our citizens are favored with 
lectures of such a high character as those' 
which have been delivered here by Profes- 
sor McClintock." 

I 



130 TESTIMONIALS. 

The following Resolutions from the min- 
utes of the " Philadelphia College of Medi- 
cine," August 28th, 1853, will show the es- 
timation in which Professor McClintock 
was held by his associates. Dr. J. R. Bur- 
den, President, and Dr. Robert Kildufte, 
Secretary, pro tern. — 

44 Resolved, That it is with feelings of sin- 
cere regret the Corporators of the Philadel- 
phia College of Medicine have received the 
resignation of Dr. McClintock, as Professor 
of Anatomy,* in that Institution — a situa- 
tion held by him since the organization of 
the College. 

"Resolved, That as the Founder of the 
Philadelphia College, Dr. McClintock is de- 
serving of much praise, in adding another 
to the many excellent means of Medical In- 
struction existing in Philadelphia ; and in 
the opinion of this Board, much of the suc- 
cess of the Philadelphia College is to be at- 

*Dr. McClintock had previously resigned the Chair 
of Surgery in the College. 



TESTIMONIALS. 131 

tributed to his great business energy and 
capacity as a Lecturer and Demonstrator 
of this branch of teaching, in which depart- 
ment we believe he has no superior living" 



From the Philadelphia Evening Herald. 

May 31^, 1869, 

" Merited Testimonials. — At the close of the 

course of Lectures at Concert Hall, by Prof. 

James McClintock, M. D., the Rev. Samuel 

W. Thomas was called to preside, and the 

following were unanimously adopted : 

" Whereas, Professor James McClintock, 
having completed his course of Lectures to 
Ladies and Gentlemen on Anatomy, Phy 
siology, and Hygiene, we deem it eminently 

due to him, and becoming in us, to express 
our satisfaction derived therefrom, there 
fore, 

" Resolved, That we bear willing testimony 
to the interesting, able and successful man- 
ner in which he has discharged his difficult 
task of imparting a knowledge of these im- 



132 TESTIMONIALS. 

portant matters in language adapted to the 
comprehension even of those before unac- 
quainted with the subject. 

" Resolved, That we most earnestly com- 
mend his highly instructive Lectures to all 
desirous of obtaining information respecting 
the wonderful organization of our physical 
being, and the laws by which it may be 
preserved, and our health and happiness 
promoted. 

" Resolved, That a copy of these Resolu- 
tions be presented to the Professor, with our 
earnest request that he resume his Lectures 
at his earliest convenience." 

On the succeeding evening, at the close 
of the course to Gentlemen only, the Rev. 
John Chambers presided, and the following 
were offered by Dr. J. E. Harned : 

" Whereas, We, as a class, have listened 
with great satisfaction and instruction to 
the course of popular Lectures delivered by 
Professor James McClintock, feel it our du- 



TESTIMONIALS. 133 

ty, In justice to ourselves, and as a mark of 
our sincere regard and esteem for him, to 
adopt unanimously, the following Resolu- 
tions : 

" Resolved, That we, his fellow-citizens, 
tender him our grateful acknowledgments 
for his valuable Lectures, and most cordial- 
ly recommend him to any intelligent com- 
munity w 7 herever he may travel, as a most 
able Lecturer, and thoroughly competent 
instructor of Anatomy, Surgery, Physiology 
and Hygiene. 

" Resolved, That we earnestly request him 
to repeat his course of Lectures in this city 
at his earliest convenience. 

" Resolved, That a copy of these Resolu- 
tions be presented to him with our warmest 
w r ishes for his success." 



From the Daily State Gazette. 

Trenton, N. J., Sept 24, 1869. 
" At an impromptu meeting of the admi- 
rers of Prof. McClintock, whereof Baltus 
12 



134 TESTIMONIALS. 

Pickel, Esq. was chairman, the following 
Preamble and Resolutions offered by Dr. J. 
R. Freese, were unanimously adopted : 

" Whereas, We, who have attended the 
course of Anatomical, Physiological, and 
Hygienic Lectures, just concluded in this 1 
city by Professor James McClintock, M. D., 
of Philadelphia, have been highly pleased, 
and greatly instructed therewith, therefore, 

" Resolved, That we heartily approve of 
both the matter and manner of Professor 
McClintock's Lectures, and believe no one 
can attend without being pleased and great- 
ly instructed in matters relating to their 
own well-being. 

" Resolved, That we return the Professor 
our thanks for the chaste, courteous, yet 
eloquent and forcible manner in which the 
Lectures have been delivered, and most 
heartily commend the course to any and all 
communities that may be so fortunate as to 
secure their delivery. 

" Resolved, That we should be pleased to 



TESTIMONIALS. 135 

have the Professor to repeat the course of 
Lectures in this city whenever it may suit 
his convenience." 



From the Daily True American. 

Trenton, N. J., Sept. 10th, 1869. 

" Those of our citizens who are acquaint- 
ed with the Eev. Dr. Halsey, Presbyterian 
clergyman of ]STorristown, Pa., will read 
with interest the following expression of his 
opinion after hearing Dr. McClintock's Lec- 
tures.: 

" That he had, when a young man, stu- 
died medicine; attended lectures by the 
most distinguished teachers in the medical 
colleges of America, and that from any one, 
or from all of them, he had not obtained as 
much clear, solid knowledge, as^he had 
gained by listening to Dr. McClintock's 
course in this borough. I must also add 
that the Lectures have been characterized 
by concise, chaste, ' and appropriate lan- 
guage. While those who have, as I have. 



13b TESTIMONIALS. 

attended the entire series of Lectures, will 
cheerfully bear testimony that while full of 
instruction, they have not been marred by 
an improper expression, or aught that could 
offend the most fastidious taste." 

"Prof. James MeClintock, M.D., 

of Philadelphia : — 

The undersigned 
being personally acquainted with Professor 
James McClintock, M. D., as a practitioner 
of Medicine and Surgery, and being familiar 
with his history, testify to his high charac- 
ter as a teacher and as one of the most suc- 
cessful Physicians and Surgeons of this city, 
and recommend him to the public in the 
various towns and cities he may visit. 
Philadelphia, March 7th, 1869. 

Rev. Joseph Castle, D.D., 

" P. Coombe, 

" G. D. C arrow, D. D., 

" John Walker Jackson, 

" J. Cunningham, M. D., 

" B. H. Nadal, D. D., 

" C. Cooke, D.D., 

" R. W. Humphreys, 

" William L. Gray, 

" Joseph Mason, 



TESTIMONIALS. 



187 



Rev. T. C. Murphy, M. D., 
' R. H. Pattison, D. D., 
u George W. Lybrand, 
u Alexander M. Wiggins, 
; ' T. A. Fernley, 
1 L. D. McClintock, 

George W. McLaughlin." 



From Ministers of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church in New Jersey : — 

" We, the undersigned, being acquainted 
with the personal and professional character 
of James McClintock, M. D., do hereby, 
with great pleasure, recommend him as com- 
petent to give 'advice' and to practice his 
profession as Physician and Surgeon ; he be- 
ing eminently distinguished in both de- 
partments. 

Millville, New Jersey, March 22d, 1869. 

Charles H. Whitecar, 
William Walton, 
L. Rusling, 
A. E. Ballard, 
A. K. Street, 



George K. Morris." 



VA' 



OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 

North Western Christian Advocate, Chica- 
go, 111.— " Dr. McClintock, of Philadelphia, 
has long been acknowledged one of the most 
scientific, wise, skilful and successful prac- 
titioners of the age," 

City Item, Philadelphia. — "It would be 
insulting to the established reputation of 
this eminent practitioner, (Dr. James Mc 
Clintock) to commend him to the public. 
No physician in the country stands higher 
or is more universally esteemed." 

Boston Journal, Mass. — " Prof. Ja^mes Mc 
Clintock, one of the most talented physi- 
cians of the country." 

Daily Times, New York. — " The wisest 
and best men in the country have been pa- 
tients of Dr. James McClintock ; some of 
our greatest physicians have been his pu- 
pils." 

The Journal and Statesman, "Wilmington, 
Del.—" Prof. James McGlintock's skill, 
learning and scientific research have placed 
him foremost on the list of distinguished 
professors and popular lecturers." 

(138) 



OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 139 

Lancaster Intelligencer \ Pa. — "We do but 
re-echo the sentiment of all who heard him, 
(Dr. McClintock) when we say that he is 
one of the most entertaining; lecturers in 
America." 

" Daily Gazette and Bulletin, Williams- 
port, Pa. — " Dr. McClintock is a fine speak- 
er; his rhetoric admirable, his elocution 
faultless, and his subject one which forty 
years of experience has made him entire 
master of." u Those who require the services 
of an experienced Physician and Surgeon, 
need not have the least hesitation in placing 
themselves under the Doctor's care, as we 
know him to be a most competent physician 
of the highest standing;." 

Sunday Dispatch, Philad. — "Dr. McClin- 
tock is a gentleman of culture, high stand- 
ing, and long experience as a medical and 
surgical teacher and demonstrator." 

Sunday Transcript, Philad. — " The high 
character of Prof. McClintock as a teacher 
of medicine is a full guarantee that the Lec- 
tures will be able and instructive." 

National Defender, Norristown, Pa. — 
u The Professor has surpassed himself, as 



140 OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 

the continued attention and frequent ap- 
plause of his audience has testified." 

The Herald and Free Press, Norristown, 
Pa. — " Prof. McCIintock is one of the most 
experienced Physicians and Surgeons. 

Norristown Republican. — "The Professor 
is a pleasant speaker, and will no doubt in- 
struct as well as please our citizens. " 

Norristown Register. — " It is seldom that 
our people have an opportunity to listen to 
so eloquent and instructive a speaker." 

Daily State Gazette, Trenton, N. J. — 
"Prof. James McCIintock delivered an able 
Lecture which was received with interest 
and applause, on Physiology as a part of 
Common School Education, in the New Jer- 
say Normal School, before the National Ed- 
ucational Convention, by invitation/' 

Bordentown Register, N. J. — " Professor 
James McCIintock, of Philadelphia, who is 
probablv the ablest medical Lecturer of the 
age." 

Monmouth Inquirer ', N. J. — " He (Dr. Mc 
Clintock) is said, in point of oratory, to re- 
semble, and, in compass of voice, to excel 
the celebrated temperance orator Cough." 



OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 141 

Monmouth Democrat, N. J. — " Prof. Mc 
Clintock, an eminent savan, who has stood 
at the head of the medical profession in 
Philadelphia, for a quarter of a century." 

Pioneer, Bridgeton, 1ST. J. — " Dr. McClin- 
tock was the most popular Lecturer in the 
city, (Philadelphia) and is recognized as one 
of the first Physicians and Surgeons of the 
age." 

Sunday Atlas, Philad. — "Prof. McClin- 
tock stands in the very front rank of the 
medical profession in this city." 

The Age^ Philad. — " In this city it is hard- 
ly necessary so speak of Dr. McClintock's 
great capacity and experience, for he is ac- 
knowledged to be one of the most eloquent 
and instructive teachers the country has 
over produced." 

Sunday Mercury, Philad. — "One of our % 
first physicians, who has been acknowledged' 
to be one of the best teachers and practi- 
tioners of the age." 

The Philadelphia Inquirer. — u Prof. Mc 
Clintock, has been a practitioner and teach- 
er in this city for more than a generation, 
and is well known to be one of our most 
successful Physicians and Surgeons." 



142 OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 

Evening Bulletin. — "Dr. McClintock has al- 
ways been distinguished as a liberalist, and as a 
Lecturer equalled by few, excelled by none, and 
his experience as a Physician and Surgeon of 
forty years standing has been as extensive as 
any man's in this city." 

Evening Telegraph. — " Prof. McClintock has 
long been known as a learned and eloquent 
teacher of medicine." 

The Evening Star. — " Prof. James McClin- 
tock now one of our oldest Physicians and most 
popular teacher*." 

The Press. — " In this city where he, Dr. Mc 
Clintock, is so well known as one of the highest 
professional authorities/ 7 , 

Evening Herald. — "If any man in America 
can by the versatility of his descriptions, and the 
enthusiasm inspired by the love of his theme 
cause the skeleton of man to appear to speak 
with a voice rich in illustrations of utility and 
beauty that man is Professor James McClintock,, 
our learned townsman." 

Sunday Times.—" Prof. James McClintock, 
our justly celebrated teacher of Anatomy and 
Surgery having attained the highest pinnacle 
of fame in the profession, has always been very 
Hberal in imparting information to non-profes- 
sionals." * 

North American and Gazette. — " Dr. McClin- 
tock is too well known to the Philadelphia pub- 
lic, to need anv reference from us." 



OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 143 

TJie Morning Post. — " Prof. McClintock has 
devoted the greater part of his life to his profes- 
sion. He is a fluent speaker, and is thoroughly 
versed in the subject on which he will Lecture.' 7 

Public Ledger. — " Dr. McClintock is one of 
our best Medical Lecturers, a Physician of cul- 
ture and ripe experience." 

Daily True American, Trenton, 1ST. J. — " Dr. 
McClintock is wonderfully effective as a teacher, 
he is thoroughly versed in his subject, and is elo- 
quent in his expositions." 

Daily State Gazette, Trenton, 1ST. J._" The 
Lectures of Dr. McClintock are all that was 
claimed of them. These Lectures are very edify- 
ing and profitable." 

Daily Commercial, Wilmington, Del. — " Dr. 
McClintock is one of the most eloquent speakers 
that has ever visited our city, and as a medical 
teacher he has long been acknowledged to have 
few equals, and no superior." 

The Methodist, New York.— " Prof. James 
McClintock is an able teacher and experienced 
Physician and Surgeon." 

The Christian Advocate, New York, (From 
its Philadelphia correspondent). — "Dr. McClin- 
tock having been invited at a previous session 
to address us, very generously complied on Mon- 
day last. The attendance w r as large, aud the 
•distinguished Lecturer, in an address of tw r o 
hours' length, kept the attention of his clerical 
auditors without weariness either on his par.t or 



144 NOTICES. 

ours. The subject was Eloquence. With perfect 
familiarity with the subject, and an excellent 
model in himself, we enjoyed a rich treat. 7 

The Lycoming Standard, Williamsport, Pa. — ■ 
" From Dr. McClintock's great capacity, vast ex- 
perience, and extended practice, there is no man 
better fitted to give the people advice r and heal 
them in case they are sick." 

Newark Daily Mercury, N. J.—" Dr. McClin- 
tock is well known as a man of integrity and 
superior medical attainments, and entire confi- 
dence may be reposed in any statement he makes." 



PROFESSOR JAMES McCLINTOCK, M.D. r 

No. 823 Bace Street, P7iiladelpMa, Pa., 

or one of his Assistant Physicians, may be consulted 
Daily, (except Sunday,.) from three o'clock to eight 
o'clock, P.M., on all Derangements of the Kidneys, 
Bladder, and Reproductive Organs, 

Consulting Letters will be answered promptly. 
Please write the names of the Post Office, County, 
and State. 

This Book can be obtained at Professor McClin- 
toek's Offices, No. 828 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Price 50 cents. It may also be bought of all Periodic 
cal Dealers and Booksellers, or from the Offices by 
Mail, Persons wishing for the Lectures will please 
enclose 50 cents, and the names of the Post Office, 
County, and State, and the Book will be sent by return 
Mail, 



(l { 

( 



) TO 



MEDICAL LECTURES 



GENTLEMEN : 



i! BY 



JAMES McCLLNTOCK, A. M., M. D. \ 



\ 

( 

) PUBLISHED BY 

( , PROFESSOR JAMES McCLINTOCK, M. D. 

) Tm 88? Hupp rt ii n i i^ Philadelphia, Pa. \ 

\ Price fifty Cents. J 
]) These " Lectures" will be sent by mail free of postage- \ 



'4u %V/J/ fia£S*^cs-^J&6J2~ 



PROFESSOR JAMES McCLINTOCK, M.D 

823 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa., 

or one of his Assistant Physicians, may be 
consulted Daily, (except Sunday,) from 
three o'clock to eight o'clock, P. M., on all 
Derangements of the Kidneys, Bladder, and 
Reproductive Organs. 

ggp Consulting Letters will be answered 
promptly. Please write the names of Post 
Office, County, and State. 



JSJT* This Book can be obtained at Pro- 
fessor McClintock's Offices, 823 Race Street, 
Philadelphia, Pa., price 50 cents. It may 
also be bought of all Periodical Dealers and 
Booksellers, or from the Offices by mail. 

Persons writing for the Lectures will 
please enclose 50 cents, and give the names 
of the Post Office, County, and State, and 
the Book will be sent by return mail, post- 
age paid. 



gj«=^ 



PROFESSC 



823 Kac 

f )or one of h 
^consulted 
( > three o'eloc 
^Derangeme 
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^promptly. 
\ Office, Com 



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Philadelphi 

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